In addition to \(\mathrm{CO}_{2},\) two additional stable oxides of carbon \ form. The space-filling models for \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and the other two stable oxides are: What are the formulas for the two additional stable oxides of carbon? Explain the bonding in each of these two forms using the localized electron model.

The three stable oxides of carbon are carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon suboxide (C3O2).

In carbon monoxide (CO), carbon has 4 valence electrons, and oxygen has 6 valence electrons. According to the localized electron model: 1. Carbon forms a triple bond with oxygen, which means that there are 6 bonding electrons shared between carbon and oxygen. 2. Each atom also has a pair of non-bonding electrons. Carbon has one lone pair (2 non-bonding electrons), and oxygen has two lone pairs (4 non-bonding electrons). Therefore, the localized electron model for CO is a triple bond between carbon and oxygen, with one lone pair on the carbon atom and two lone pairs on the oxygen atom.

In carbon suboxide (C3O2), there are 3 carbon atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. Each carbon atom has 4 valence electrons, and each oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons. According to the localized electron model: 1. Two carbon atoms form a double bond with a single oxygen atom. This means that there are 4 bonding electrons shared between the carbon and oxygen atoms. 2. The remaining carbon atom forms a single bond with the other oxygen atom, meaning there are 2 bonding electrons shared between this carbon and oxygen atom. 3. The first two carbon atoms each have one lone pair (2 non-bonding electrons). 4. The third carbon atom has two lone pairs (4 non-bonding electrons). 5. Each oxygen atom also has two lone pairs (4 non-bonding electrons). Therefore, the localized electron model for C3O2 is: - A double bond between the first carbon atom and an oxygen atom, with a single bond connecting to the second carbon atom and double bond with the other oxygen atom. - A single bond between the third carbon atom and the other oxygen atom. - One lone pair on the first two carbon atoms, two lone pairs on the third carbon atom, and two lone pairs on each oxygen atom.