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Chapter 21: Problem 19

Nickel can be purified by producing the volatile compound nickel tetracarbonyl. Nickel is the only metal that reacts with carbon monoxide at room temperature. Assuming this compound is overall neutral, what is the oxidation state of Ni in the compound? Deduce the formula of the compound.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The oxidation state of Ni in the compound nickel tetracarbonyl is 0, as the overall oxidation state of CO is also 0. Therefore, the formula of the compound is \(Ni(CO)_4\).

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the oxidation state of carbon monoxide (CO)

First, we need to determine the oxidation state of carbon monoxide (CO). Since oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, it "gains" electrons and has an oxidation state of -2. Carbon needs to "lose" electrons to achieve its formal charge, so its oxidation state is +2. Hence, the overall oxidation state of CO is 0 (+2 for carbon and -2 for oxygen).
02

Calculating the oxidation state of nickel (Ni)

In the compound, nickel (Ni) is bonded to 4 CO molecules, and the overall charge of the compound is neutral. As we already know, the overall charge of CO is 0. So, we can write the charge equation as: Ni + 4*(0) = 0 This simplifies to: Ni = 0 Thus, the oxidation state of Ni in the compound nickel tetracarbonyl is 0.
03

Deduce the formula of the compound

Now, we have the oxidation states of Ni and CO in the compound, so we can write the formula of the compound. As Ni has an oxidation state of 0 and the 4 CO molecules together have an oxidation state of (4 * 0), the formula for nickel tetracarbonyl is: Ni (CO)4

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