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Chapter 21: Problem 49

Acetylacetone, abbreviated acacH, is a bidentate ligand. It loses a proton and coordinates as acac \(^{-},\) as shown below, where \(\mathrm{M}\) is a transition metal: Which of the following complexes are optically active: cis-$\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{acac})_{2}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{2},\( trans-Cr(acac) \)_{2}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{2},\( and \)\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{acac})_{3} ?$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The cis-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂ and Cr(acac)₃ complexes are optically active, while the trans-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂ complex is not optically active.

Step by step solution

01

Analyze cis-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂

For the cis-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂ complex, the ligands are arranged in an octahedral geometry (since there are a total of 6 ligands), with two acac ligands in a cis arrangement and two water molecules in a cis arrangement as well. Since the ligands are not arranged in a mirror symmetric structure and it possess a set of enantiomers, this complex is optically active.
02

Analyze trans-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂

For the trans-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂ complex, the ligands are still in an octahedral geometry. However, in this case, the two acac ligands are in a trans arrangement and two water molecules are in a trans arrangement. This configuration leads to a mirror symmetric structure and the complex does not have enantiomers. Thus, the trans-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂ complex is not optically active.
03

Analyze Cr(acac)₃

For the Cr(acac)₃ complex, there are three acac ligands in an octahedral geometry. In this case, the complex configuration results in a set of enantiomers as it has a non-superimposable mirror image. Therefore, the Cr(acac)₃ complex is optically active. To sum up the results: cis-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂: optically active trans-Cr(acac)₂(H₂O)₂: not optically active Cr(acac)₃: optically active

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The complex ion \(\operatorname{Ru}(\text { phen })_{3}^{2+}\) has been used as a probe for the structure of DNA. (Phen is a bidentate ligand.) a. What type of isomerism is found in $\operatorname{Ru}(\text { phen })_{3}^{2+} ?$ b. \(\operatorname{Ru}(\text { phen })_{3}^{2+}\) is diamagnetic (as are all complex ions of \(\mathrm{Ru}^{2+} \)). Draw the crystal field diagram for the \(d\) orbitals in this complex ion.

Draw geometrical isomers of each of the following complex ions. a. $\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)_{2}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{2}-$ b. \(\mathrm{Pt}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{I}_{2}^{2+}\) c. \(\operatorname{Ir}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\) d. $\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{en})\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{I}_{2}^{+}$

Draw all the geometrical isomers of \(\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{en})\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{BrCl}^{+1}\) . Which of these isomers also have an optical isomer? Draw the various isomers.

Name the following coordination compounds. a. $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{5} \mathrm{Br}\right] \mathrm{Br}_{2}$ b. \(\mathrm{Na}_{3}\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]\) c. $\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}\right)_{2}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\right)_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$ d. $\left[\mathrm{Pt}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{I}_{2}\right]\left[\mathrm{PtI}_{4}\right]$

Qualitatively draw the crystal field splitting for a trigonal bi- pyramidal complex ion. (Let the \(z\) axis be perpendicular to the trigonal plane.)
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