Learning Materials
Features
Discover
Chapter 22: Problem 172
Estradiol is a female hormone with the following structure: How many chiral carbon atoms are in estradiol?
Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!
All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.
Get started for free
Give an example of a hydrocarbon that, in theory, exhibits each of the following bond angles: \(60^{\circ}, 90^{\circ}, 109.5^{\circ}, 120^{\circ},\) and \(180^{\circ} .\)
Ethylene oxide is an important industrial chemical. Although most ethers are unreactive, ethylene oxide is quite reactive. It resembles $\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}$ in its reactions in that addition reactions occur across the \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}\) bond in ethylene oxide. a. Why is ethylene oxide so reactive? (Hint: Consider the bond angles in ethylene oxide as compared with those predicted by the VSEPR model.) b. Ethylene oxide undergoes addition polymerization, forming a polymer used in many applications requiring a nonionic surfactant. Draw the structure of this polymer.
The base sequences in mRNA that code for certain amino acids are Glu: GAA, GAG Val: GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG Met: AUG Trp: UGG Phe: UUU, UUC Asp: GAU, GAC These sequences are complementary to the sequences in DNA. a. Give the corresponding sequences in DNA for the amino acids listed above. b. Give a DNA sequence that would code for the peptide trp–glu–phe–met. c. How many different DNA sequences can code for the tetrapeptide in part b? d. What is the peptide that is produced from the DNA sequence T–A–C–C–T–G–A–A–G? e. What other DNA sequences would yield the same tripeptide as in part d?
If one hydrogen in a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen atom, the number of isomers that exist for the substituted compound depends on the number of types of hydrogen in the original hydrocarbon. Thus there is only one form of chloroethane (all hydrogens in ethane are equivalent), but there are two isomers of propane that arise from the substitution of a methyl hydrogen or a methylene hydrogen. How many isomers can be obtained when one hydrogen in each of the compounds named below is replaced by a chlorine atom? $$ \begin{array}{ll}{\text { a. } n \text { -pentane }} & {\text { c. } 2,4 \text { -dimethylpentane }} \\ {\text { b. } 2 \text { -methylbutane }} & {\text { d. methylcyclobutane }}\end{array} $$
What are the structural differences between \(\alpha\) - and \(\beta\) -glucose? These two cyclic forms of glucose are the building blocks to form two different polymers. Explain.
What do you think about this solution?
We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.
Explanations 
Textbooks 
Exams 
GCSE 
IGCSE 
AS 
A Level 
International A Level 
University Admissions Tests 
Flashcards 
Vaia AI 
Notes 
Study Plans 
Study Sets 
Find a job 
Find a degree 
Student Deals 
Magazine 
Mobile App