For each of the following, fill in the blank with the correct response(s). All of the following pertain to nucleic acids. a. The substance in the nucleus of the cell that stores and transmits genetic information is DNA, which stands for. b. The basic repeating monomer units of DNA and RNA are called . c. The pentose deoxyribose is found in DNA, whereas is found in RNA. d. The basic linkage in DNA or RNA between the sugar molecule and phosphoric acid is a phosphate linkage. e. The bases on opposite strands of DNA are said to be to each other, which means the bases fit together specifically by hydrogen bonding to one another. f. In a strand of normal DNA, the base is always found paired with the base adenine, whereas is always found paired with cytosine. g. A given segment of the DNA molecule, which contains the molecular coding for a specific protein to be synthesized, is referred to as a . h. During protein synthesis, RNA molecules attach to and transport specific amino acids to the appropriate position on the pattern provided by RNA molecules. i. The codes specified by are responsible for assembling the correct primary structure of proteins.

Step by step solution

01

Full form of DNA

\(\text{Deoxyribonucleic Acid}\) b. The basic repeating monomer units of DNA and RNA are called:

02

Basic monomer units

\(\text{Nucleotides}\) c. The pentose deoxyribose is found in DNA, whereas _ is found in RNA:

03

Pentose in RNA

\(\text{Ribose}\) d. The basic linkage in DNA or RNA between the sugar molecule and phosphoric acid is a phosphate linkage:

04

Basic linkage

\(\text{Phosphodiester bond}\) e. The bases on opposite strands of DNA are said to be _ to each other, which means the bases fit together specifically by hydrogen bonding to one another:

05

DNA Bases hydrogen bonding

\(\text{Complementary}\) f. In a strand of normal DNA, the base _ is always found paired with the base adenine, whereas _ is always found paired with cytosine:

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Base pairing in DNA

\(\text{Thymine}\) is paired with Adenine, and \(\text{Guanine}\) is paired with Cytosine. g. A given segment of the DNA molecule, which contains the molecular coding for a specific protein to be synthesized, is referred to as a:

07

DNA segment containing coding

\(\text{Gene}\) h. During protein synthesis, _ RNA molecules attach to and transport specific amino acids to the appropriate position on the pattern provided by _ RNA molecules:

08

RNA molecules involved in protein synthesis

Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules attach to and transport specific amino acids, guided by the pattern provided by Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. i. The codes specified by _ are responsible for assembling the correct primary structure of proteins:

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Codes for assembling proteins

\(\text{Codons}\)

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