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Chapter 22: Problem 64

Draw a structural formula for each of the following. a. 3-methylpentanoic acid b. ethyl methanoate c. methyl benzoate d. 3-chloro-2,4-dimethylhexanoic acid

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. 3-methylpentanoic acid: \(CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3)CH_2COOH\) b. ethyl methanoate: \(CH_3O-CO-CH_2CH_3\) c. methyl benzoate: \(C_6H_5-CO-O-CH_3\) d. 3-chloro-2,4-dimethylhexanoic acid: \(CH_3CH(CH_3)CH(Cl)CH(CH_3)CH_2COOH\)

Step by step solution

01

a. 3-methylpentanoic acid

First, let's break down the name of the compound: - pentanoic acid: a 5-carbon chain with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at one end - 3-methyl: a methyl group (-CH3) attached at the 3rd carbon of the carbon chain Now, draw the structure as follows: 1. Draw the 5-carbon chain 2. Add the carboxylic acid group at one end (C1) of the chain 3. Add a methyl group at the 3rd carbon of the chain The structural formula for 3-methylpentanoic acid is \(CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3)CH_2COOH\).
02

b. ethyl methanoate

Breaking down the compound name: - ethyl: an ethyl group, \(CH_2CH_3\) - methanoate: derived from methanoic acid, with a single carbon and a carboxylate ester group (-COO-) Then, draw the structure: 1. Draw the ethyl group, \(CH_2CH_3\) 2. Connect the ethyl group to the methanoate group, forming the ester structure The structural formula for ethyl methanoate is \(CH_3O-CO-CH_2CH_3\).
03

c. methyl benzoate

Breaking down the compound name: - methyl: a methyl group, \(CH_3\) - benzoate: derived from benzoic acid, which has a benzene ring attached to a carboxylate ester group (-COO-) Draw the structure: 1. Draw the benzene ring 2. Attach the carboxylate ester group directly to the benzene ring 3. Connect the methyl group to the carboxylate ester structure The structural formula for methyl benzoate is \(C_6H_5-CO-O-CH_3\).
04

d. 3-chloro-2,4-dimethylhexanoic acid

Breaking down the compound name: - hexanoic acid: a 6-carbon chain with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at one end - 3-chloro: a chlorine atom attached at the 3rd carbon of the chain - 2,4-dimethyl: two methyl groups attached at the 2nd and 4th carbons of the chain Draw the structure as follows: 1. Draw the 6-carbon chain 2. Add the carboxylic acid group at one end (C1) of the chain 3. Attach a chlorine atom at the 3rd carbon of the chain 4. Attach methyl groups at the 2nd and 4th carbons of the chain The structural formula for 3-chloro-2,4-dimethylhexanoic acid is \(CH_3CH(CH_3)CH(Cl)CH(CH_3)CH_2COOH\).

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