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Chapter 3: Problem 108

The sugar sucrose, which is present in many fruits and vegetables, reacts in the presence of certain yeast enzymes to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide gas. Balance the following equation for this reaction of sucrose. $$ \mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(a q)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sucrose with water to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide is: \[ \mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightarrow 6\,\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(a q) + 6\,\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) \]

Step by step solution

01

List the elements present in the reaction

Elements: 1. Carbon (C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen (O) Step 2: Count the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation
02

Tally atoms for each element on reactants and products

Reactants: C: 12 (in sucrose) H: 22 (in sucrose) + 2 (in water) = 24 O: 11 (in sucrose) + 1 (in water) = 12 Products: C: 2 (in ethanol) + 1 (in carbon dioxide) H: 6 (in ethanol) O: 1 (in ethanol) + 2 (in carbon dioxide) Step 3: Balance the atoms on both sides
03

Adjust coefficients to balance the equation

Start by balancing carbon atoms: C: 12 (reactants) = 2 (in ethanol) + 1 (in CO2) * coefficient_x We require 12 carbon atoms on the products side, thus we need to multiply ethanol by 6 and CO2 by 6, because 6*2 (in ethanol) + 6*1 (in CO2) = 12. Now the products side has: C: 2 * 6 (in ethanol) + 1 * 6 (in CO2) H: 6 * 6 (in ethanol) O: 1 * 6 (in ethanol) + 2 * 6 (in CO2) Next, balance the hydrogen atoms: H: 24 (reactants) = 6 * 6 (in ethanol) In this case, the hydrogen atoms are already balanced. Finally, balance the oxygen atoms: O: 12 (reactants) = 1 * 6 (in ethanol) + 2 * 6 (in CO2) Again, the oxygen atoms are also balanced. Step 4: Write the balanced equation
04

Write the balanced chemical equation

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sucrose with water to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide is: \[ \mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightarrow 6\,\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(a q) + 6\,\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) \]

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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