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Chapter 3: Problem 180

A \(2.25-\) g sample of scandium metal is reacted with excess hydrochloric acid to produce 0.1502 g hydrogen gas. What is the formula of the scandium chloride produced in the reaction?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The formula of the scandium chloride produced in the reaction is ScCl₃.

Step by step solution

01

Convert the mass of scandium and hydrogen to moles

We will use the molar mass of scandium and hydrogen to convert their respective mass given to moles. The molar mass of scandium (Sc) is 44.96 g/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen (H) is 1.01 g/mol. Moles of Sc: \(\dfrac{2.25 g}{44.96 g/mol} = 0.0500 \; \text{moles}\) Moles of H: \(\dfrac{0.1502 g}{1.01 g/mol} = 0.149 \; \text{moles}\)
02

Determine the mole ratio of Sc to H

To find the empirical formula of the scandium chloride, we need to determine the mole ratio of scandium to hydrogen. Mole ratio: \(\dfrac{0.0500 \, mol \, Sc}{0.149 \, mol \, H} = \dfrac{1}{2.98}\) Since the mole ratio is approximately 1:3, it means there is one scandium atom for every three hydrogen atoms. Therefore, there should be three chloride (Cl) atoms for every scandium atom, as each hydrogen atom bonds with a chloride atom.
03

Write the formula of the scandium chloride

Knowing that there is one scandium atom for every three chloride atoms, the formula of the scandium chloride produced in the reaction is: ScCl₃

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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