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Chapter 5: Problem 1

Consider the following apparatus: a test tube covered with a non permeable elastic membrane inside a container that is closed with a cork. A syringe goes through the cork. a. As you push down on the syringe, how does the membrane covering the test tube change? b. You stop pushing the syringe but continue to hold it down. In a few seconds, what happens to the membrane?

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. As you push down on the syringe, the membrane covering the test tube moves inward due to the increased pressure inside the container. b. When you stop pushing but continue to hold the syringe down, the membrane remains in its deformed state as the pressure inside the container stays constant and equilibrium is reached.

Step by step solution

01

Scenario A: Pushing down the syringe

When you push down on the syringe, you increase the pressure inside the container, since the gas inside the container gets compressed due to less moving space for the gas molecules. As a result of the increased pressure inside the container, the elastic membrane covering the test tube will experience an additional force from the gas molecules in the container, which pushes it inward. The membrane will change its shape and move toward the inside of the test tube, balancing the increased pressure acting on the outside.
02

Scenario B: Holding the syringe down

Once you stop pushing the syringe but continue to hold it down, the pressure inside the container remains constant as long as the container's parameters, like temperature and size, do not change. After a few seconds, the gas particles will redistribute themselves inside the container and reach equilibrium. Since the pressure on the outside of the membrane remains the same, and the pressure on the inside of the membrane does not change (given that the membrane is non-permeable to the gas particles), the membrane will remain in its deformed state. It will not return to its initial position as long as the syringe is held down and the pressure inside the container remains constant.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A 2.00 -L sample of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) was collected over water at a total pressure of 785 torr and \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) . When the \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) was dried (water vapor removed), the gas had a volume of 1.94 \(\mathrm{L}\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and 785 torr. Calculate the vapor pressure of water at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}.\)

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Calculate the root mean square velocities of \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}(g)\) and \(\mathrm{N}_{2}(g)\) molecules at 273 \(\mathrm{K}\) and 546 \(\mathrm{K} .\)

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