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Chapter 5: Problem 115

Consider a 1.0-L container of neon gas at STP. Will the average kinetic energy, average velocity, and frequency of collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container increase, decrease, or remain the same under each of the following conditions? a. The temperature is increased to \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) . b. The temperature is decreased to \(-50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) c. The volume is decreased to 0.5 L . d. The number of moles of neon is doubled.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) The average kinetic energy, average velocity, and frequency of collisions will increase when the temperature is increased to \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). b) The average kinetic energy, average velocity, and frequency of collisions will decrease when the temperature is decreased to \(-50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). c) The average kinetic energy and average velocity remain the same, while the frequency of collisions increases when the volume is decreased to 0.5 L. d) The average kinetic energy and average velocity remain the same, while the frequency of collisions increases when the number of moles of neon is doubled.

Step by step solution

01

a. The temperature is increased to 100°C

When the temperature increases, the kinetic energy and average velocity of the gas molecules increase because the temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. Also, as the gas molecules move faster, the frequency of collisions with the walls of the container will increase.
02

b. The temperature is decreased to -50°C

When the temperature decreases, the kinetic energy and average velocity of the gas molecules decrease because the temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. As the gas molecules move slower, the frequency of collisions with the walls of the container will decrease.
03

c. The volume is decreased to 0.5 L

When the volume decreases, the average velocity and kinetic energy of the gas molecules remain the same as the temperature is unchanged. However, since the gas molecules are confined to a smaller space, the frequency of collisions with the walls of the container will increase.
04

d. The number of moles of neon is doubled

When the number of moles of neon is doubled, the average kinetic energy and average velocity of the gas molecules will remain the same because these properties depend only on the temperature and not the number of moles. However, the frequency of collisions with the walls of the container will increase due to the increased number of gas molecules in the container.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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