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Chapter 8: Problem 134

For each of the following, write an equation that corresponds to the energy given. a. lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) b. lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Br}\) c. lattice energy of \(\mathrm{MgS}\) d. \(\mathrm{O}=\mathrm{O}\) double bond energy beginning with \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) as a reactant

Short Answer

Expert verified
The equations representing the energy for each compound or bond are as follows: a. Lattice energy of NaCl: \(Na(s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_{2}(g) \rightarrow NaCl(s)\) b. Lattice energy of NH4Br: \(N_{2}(g) + 4 H_{2}(g) + Br_{2}(l) \rightarrow 2 NH_{4}Br(s)\) c. Lattice energy of MgS: \(Mg(s) + S(s) \rightarrow MgS(s)\) d. O=O double bond energy beginning with O2(g) as a reactant: \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 O(g)\)

Step by step solution

01

a. Lattice energy of NaCl

To write an equation for the lattice energy of NaCl, follow the Born-Haber cycle: 1. Start with the elements in their standard states: Na(s) + 1/2 Cl2(g) 2. Convert the elements into gaseous atoms: Na(g) + Cl(g) 3. Ionize the atoms: Na+(g) + Cl-(g) 4. Combine ions to form an ionic lattice (NaCl) The overall equation representing the lattice energy of NaCl is: \(Na(s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_{2}(g) \rightarrow NaCl(s)\)
02

b. Lattice energy of NH4Br

To write an equation for the lattice energy of NH4Br, follow the Born-Haber cycle: 1. Start with the elements in their standard states: N2(g) + 4 H2(g) + Br2(l) 2. Form ammonia and hydrogen bromide: 2 NH3(g) + 2 HBr(g) 3. Convert ammonia to ammonium ion: 2 NH4+(g) 4. Combine ions to form an ionic lattice (NH4Br) The overall equation representing the lattice energy of NH4Br is: \(N_{2}(g) + 4 H_{2}(g) + Br_{2}(l) \rightarrow 2 NH_{4}Br(s)\)
03

c. Lattice energy of MgS

To write an equation for the lattice energy of MgS, follow the Born-Haber cycle: 1. Start with the elements in their standard states: Mg(s) + S(s) 2. Convert the elements into gaseous atoms: Mg(g) + S(g) 3. Ionize the atoms: Mg2+(g) + S2-(g) 4. Combine ions to form an ionic lattice (MgS) The overall equation representing the lattice energy of MgS is: \(Mg(s) + S(s) \rightarrow MgS(s)\)
04

d. O=O double bond energy beginning with O2(g) as a reactant

To write an equation for the double bond energy (bond enthalpy) of the O=O bond when starting with O2(g) as a reactant, we need to break the double bond between the oxygen atoms. The overall equation representing the double bond energy is: \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 O(g)\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What noble gas has the same election configuration as each of the ions in the following compounds? a. cesium sulfide \(\quad\) c. calcium nitride b. strontium fluoride \(\quad\) d. aluminum bromide

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