The following electrostatic potential diagrams represent \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\) , \(\mathrm{NH}_{3},\) or \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) . Label each and explain your choices.

Each molecule has a distinct molecular geometry due to the arrangement of atoms in the molecule and their bond angles. 1. CH4 (Methane): CH4 has a tetrahedral geometry with bond angles of 109.5 degrees. 2. NH3 (Ammonia): NH3 has a trigonal pyramidal geometry with bond angles of 107 degrees. 3. H2O (Water): H2O has a bent or V-shaped geometry with bond angles of 104.5 degrees. Step 2: Examine electrostatic potential diagrams

Electrostatic potential diagrams show the distribution of charge in a molecule. Blue areas indicate positive charge (electrophilic regions), and red areas indicate negative charge (nucleophilic regions). With this information, we can analyze and label the given diagrams: 1. The diagram with equal distribution of charge around the central atom, with a tetrahedral arrangement, corresponds to CH4. This is due to the nonpolar nature of C-H bonds and symmetric distribution of charge in the molecule. 2. The diagram with three surrounding atoms and a lone pair on the central atom, having a trigonal pyramidal arrangement, corresponds to NH3. The molecule has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom which contributes to a partial negative charge, while the three hydrogen atoms contribute to partial positive charges. 3. Finally, the diagram showing two surrounding atoms and two lone pairs on the central atom, with a bent arrangement, corresponds to H2O. The oxygen atom has a partial negative charge due to the two lone pairs of electrons, and the two hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges. Step 3: Label the diagrams

Based on our analysis of the molecular geometries and electrostatic potential diagrams: 1. Label the tetrahedral diagram with equal charge distribution as CH4. 2. Label the trigonal pyramidal diagram with partial charges as NH3. 3. Label the bent or V-shaped diagram with partial charges as H2O. Make sure to mention the geometry and distribution of charges as reasons for the labeled choices.