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Chapter 11: Problem 57

What is an amorphous solid? How does it differ from crystalline solid?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Amorphous solids are solids without a definite geometric shape and with random molecular arrangement, like rubber and glass. Crystalline solids are ordered structures with a specific repeating pattern consisting of atoms or molecules, examples include salt and diamond. The primary difference between the two is their structure: Crystalline solids are ordered and have sharp melting points, while amorphous solids are disordered and soften over a range of temperatures.

Step by step solution

01

Define Amorphous Solid

An amorphous solid is a type of solid that lacks a crystalline structure and does not have a definite geometric or crystalline shape. These solids are also known as non-crystalline solids. They have irregular structures with molecules arranged in a random manner. Examples of amorphous solids are rubber, glass, and plastic.
02

Define Crystalline Solid

Crystalline Solids are solids that are composed of crystals and have an ordered and definite geometric shape. The particles (ions, atoms or molecules) are arranged in a regular pattern repeated over the entire structure. Examples are salt, diamond, and quartz.
03

Distinguish between Amorphous and Crystalline Solids

The main difference between amorphous and crystalline solids lies in their structures. Crystalline solids have a long-range order, meaning their atomic arrangement follows a specific repeating pattern. They have sharp melting points. On the other hand, amorphous solids have a short-range order, meaning their particles are arranged randomly. They do not have sharp melting points, instead they soften over a range of temperatures.

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