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Chapter 12: Problem 9

Why is naphthalene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{10} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)\) more soluble than CsF in benzene?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Naphthalene is more soluble in benzene than CsF due to the 'like dissolves like' principle. Both naphthalene and benzene are nonpolar substances, thus they can dissolve in each other excellently. CsF, being an ionic compound, can't interact as well with benzene.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the nature of the substances involved

Naphthalene is a nonpolar compound, meaning it has no positive or negative ends. Benzene is also a nonpolar solvent. CsF, on the other hand, is an ionic substance, meaning it consists of charged ions (Cs+ and F-).
02

Apply the concept 'Like dissolves Like'

This principle states that polar substances will dissolve in polar solvents and nonpolar substances will dissolve in nonpolar solvents. Here benzene, being a nonpolar solvent, has a better chance of dissolving a nonpolar compound like naphthalene.
03

Consider the special case of ionic compounds

Ionic compounds such as CsF are more soluble in polar solvents. This is because polar solvents can better facilitate the breakage of ionic bonds to form ion-dipole forces. Benzene being nonpolar, it is not efficient in facilitating the breaking of ionic bonds in CsF.
04

Conclusion

Therefore, naphthalene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{10} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)\) is more soluble in benzene than CsF due to the likeness in polarity between naphthalene and benzene. It also points out the lesser efficiency of benzene in breaking ionic bonds.

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