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Chapter 14: Problem 92

When a gas was heated under atmospheric conditions, its color deepened. Heating above \(150^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) caused the color to fade, and at \(550^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) the color was barely detectable. However, at \(550^{\circ} \mathrm{C},\) the color was partially restored by increasing the pressure of the system. Which of the following best fits the above description? Justify your choice. (a) A mixture of hydrogen and bromine, (b) pure bromine, (c) a mixture of nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide. (Hint: Bromine has a reddish color and nitrogen dioxide is a brown gas. The other gases are colorless.)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The best fit for the description in the question is option (c) - a mixture of nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide. The change in color of the gas under different conditions of temperature and pressure matches with these two substances showing an equilibrium, with the brown nitrogen dioxide partially converting to colorless dinitrogen tetroxide and vice versa.

Step by step solution

01

Analyze each of the options

Start with taking a look at each of the options under the conditions described in the problem.\n\n(a) A mixture of hydrogen and bromine - Hydrogen is colorless and Bromine is reddish in color.\n\n(b) Pure bromine - Bromine is reddish in color, but no other gases are present for any possible reactions.\n\n(c) A mixture of nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide - Both these compounds are colored; Nitrogen dioxide is a brown gas, and dinitrogen tetroxide is colorless.
02

Compare the options with the conditions in the problem

Now that we understand the properties of each option, we can compare them with the conditions described in the question.\n\nThe exercise mentioned that the color of the gas deepens under heating but then fades away above \(150^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), and at \(550^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), the color was barely detectable. However, at the same temperature, by increasing the pressure, the color was partially restored. None of the conditions relate to the properties of options (a) and (b), as their colors would not normally change in this way with changes in temperature and pressure.
03

Choose the option which fits best

After comparing, the best fitting option would be (c) - a mixture of nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide.\n\nThe deepening color of the gas under heating, fading away above \(150^{\circ} C\), and barely detectable at \(550^{\circ} C\), matches with the fact that as the temperature increases, the brown nitrogen dioxide partially converts to colorless dinitrogen tetroxide. This also resonates with the fact that at \(550^{\circ} C\), the color was partially restored by increasing the pressure, as the colorless dinitrogen tetroxide would partially convert back to brown nitrogen dioxide under increased pressure. This shows an equilibrium between the two substances depending on temperature and pressure.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

List four factors that can shift the position of an equilibrium. Only one of these factors can alter the value of the equilibrium constant. Which one is it?

When dissolved in water, glucose (corn sugar) and fructose (fruit sugar) exist in equilibrium as follows: fructose \(\rightleftharpoons\) glucose A chemist prepared a \(0.244 M\) fructose solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). At equilibrium, it was found that its concentration had decreased to \(0.113 M .\) (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction. (b) At equilibrium, what percentage of fructose was converted to glucose?

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