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Chapter 15: Problem 18

Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of each of the following solutions: (a) \(2.8 \times 10^{-4} M \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) (b) \(5.2 \times 10^{-4} M \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The pH value of Ba(OH)2 solution is calculated to be 11.25 and for the HNO3 solution, it is 3.28.

Step by step solution

01

- Determine the molarity of hydroxide ions

The given base is Ba(OH)2. It will completely ionize in water and produce two OH- ions. So, the concentration of OH- is doubled. Therefore, [OH-] = \(2.8 \times 10^{-4} M \times 2 = 5.6 \times 10^{-4} M\)
02

- Calculate the pOH

The pOH is calculated using the formula: pOH = -log[OH-]. So, pOH = -log\(5.6 \times 10^{-4}\)
03

- Determine the pH

The relationship between pH and pOH in water at 25 degrees Celsius is: pH + pOH = 14. Solving for pH gives: pH = 14 - pOH
04

- Determine the molarity of hydronium ions

The given acid is HNO3. It is a strong acid that will entirely ionize in solution, so the molarity of H+ or H3O+ ions is the same as the initial concentration of the acid. Therefore, [H+] = \(5.2 \times 10^{-4} M\)
05

- Calculate the pH of the acidic solution

The pH is calculated using the formula: pH = -log[H+]. So, pH = -log\(5.2 \times 10^{-4}\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The disagreeable odor of fish is mainly due to organic compounds \(\left(\mathrm{RNH}_{2}\right)\) containing an amino group, \(-\mathrm{NH}_{2},\) where \(\mathrm{R}\) is the rest of the molecule. Amines are bases just like ammonia. Explain why putting some lemon juice on fish can greatly reduce the odor.

Hydrocyanic acid (HCN) is a weak acid and a deadly poisonous compound -in the gaseous form (hydrogen cyanide) it is used in gas chambers. Why is it dangerous to treat sodium cyanide with acids (such as HCl) without proper ventilation?

Specify which of the following salts will undergo hydrolysis: \(\mathrm{KF}, \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}, \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{2}, \mathrm{MgSO}_{4}, \mathrm{KCN}\) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COONa}, \mathrm{RbI}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}, \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}, \mathrm{HCOOK}\).

Explain why small, highly charged metal ions are able to undergo hydrolysis.

What is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of \(250.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of an aqueous solution containing \(0.616 \mathrm{~g}\) of the strong acid trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (CF \(_{3} \mathrm{SO}_{3} \mathrm{H}\) )?
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