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Chapter 19: Problem 12

Define nuclear binding energy, mass defect, and nucleon.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Nuclear Binding Energy is the energy needed to disassemble a nucleus into its component protons and neutrons. Mass Defect is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of masses of its individual nucleons. A Nucleon is either a proton or a neutron, the particles that make up the atomic nucleus.

Step by step solution

01

Defining Nuclear Binding Energy

Nuclear Binding Energy refers to the energy that is needed to disassemble a nucleus of an atom into its component protons and neutrons. It can also be understood as the energy that is released when nucleons come together to form a nucleus, due to the interaction of strong nuclear forces.
02

Explaining Mass Defect

Mass defect, also known as the binding energy, is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual nucleons. It is this defect that is converted into energy according to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence principle, expressed as \(E=mc^2\).
03

Understanding Nucleon

A nucleon is one of the particles that makes up the atomic nucleus. Each nucleus consists of one or more nucleons, and each nucleon is either a proton or a neutron.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

For each pair of isotopes listed, predict which one is less stable: (a) \({ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}\) or \({ }_{3}^{9} \mathrm{Li}\), (b) \({ }_{11}^{23} \mathrm{Na}\) or \({ }_{11}^{25} \mathrm{Na}\) (c) \({ }_{20}^{48} \mathrm{Ca}\) or \({ }_{21}^{48} \mathrm{Sc}\).

Explain how an atomic bomb works.

Modern designs of atomic bombs contain, in addition to uranium or plutonium, small amounts of tritium and deuterium to boost the power of explosion. What is the role of tritium and deuterium in these bombs?

Consider the following redox reaction: $$\begin{array}{r}\mathrm{IO}_{4}^{-}(a q)+2 \mathrm{I}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \\\\\mathrm{I}_{2}(s)+\mathrm{IO}_{3}^{-}(a q)+2 \mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)\end{array}$$ When \(\mathrm{KIO}_{4}\) is added to a solution containing iodide ions labeled with radioactive iodine- \(128,\) all the radioactivity appears in \(\mathrm{I}_{2}\) and none in the \(\mathrm{IO}_{3}^{-}\) ion. What can you deduce about the mechanism for the redox process?

How is nuclear transmutation achieved in practice?
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