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Chapter 19: Problem 75

Both barium (Ba) and radium (Ra) are members of Group \(2 \mathrm{~A}\) and are expected to exhibit similar chemical properties. However, \(\mathrm{Ra}\) is not found in barium ores. Instead, it is found in uranium ores. Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Though barium and radium share similar chemical properties due to being in the same group of the periodic table, the reason radium is not found in barium ores but uranium ores is that it's a decay product of uranium.

Step by step solution

01

Group Correlation

The first key to this question is understanding the correlation of elements within the same group in the periodic table. Elements in the same group in the periodic table have similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons.
02

Element Extraction Source

The second key is identifying where elements are typically found. Barium (Ba) and Radium (Ra) are group 2 elements. Barium is usually found in its ore, however, Radium is not found in Barium ores.
03

Presence of Radium in ores

Radium instead is found in Uranium ores as it's a decay product of Uranium. This is because radium is produced during the decay series of Uranium. Therefore, despite having similar chemical properties to Barium, Radium's presence in Uranium ores is due to its radioactive nature and how it's produced.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine the symbol \({ }_{Z}^{A} \mathrm{X}\) for the parent nucleus whose \(\alpha\) decay produces the same daughter as the \({ }_{-1}^{0} \beta\) decay of \({ }^{220} \mathrm{At} .\)

The quantity of a radioactive material is often measured by its activity (measured in curies or millicuries) rather than by its mass. In a brain scan procedure, a \(70-\mathrm{kg}\) patient is injected with \(20.0 \mathrm{mCi}\) of \({ }^{99 \mathrm{~m}} \mathrm{Tc},\) which decays by emitting \(\gamma\) -ray photons with a half-life of \(6.0 \mathrm{~h}\). Given that the \(\mathrm{RBE}\) of these photons is 0.98 and only two-thirds of the photons are absorbed by the body, calculate the rem dose received by the patient. Assume all of the \({ }^{99 \mathrm{~m}} \mathrm{Tc}\) nuclei decay while in the body. The energy of a gamma photon is \(2.29 \times 10^{-14} \mathrm{~J}\).

The radioactive isotope \({ }^{238} \mathrm{Pu},\) used in pacemakers, decays by emitting an alpha particle with a half-life of 86 yr. (a) Write an equation for the decay process. (b) The energy of the emitted alpha particle is \(9.0 \times 10^{-13} \mathrm{~J},\) which is the energy per decay. Assuming that all the alpha particle energy is used to run the pacemaker, calculate the power output at \(t=0\) and \(t=10 \mathrm{yr} .\) Initially \(1.0 \mathrm{mg}\) of \({ }^{238} \mathrm{Pu}\) was present in the pacemaker. (Hint: After \(10 \mathrm{yr}\), the activity of the isotope decreases by 8.0 percent. Power is measured in watts or \(\mathrm{J} / \mathrm{s}\).

The radioactive potassium- 40 isotope decays to argon- 40 with a half-life of \(1.2 \times 10^{9}\) yr. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction. (b) A sample of moon rock is found to contain 18 percent potassium-40 and 82 percent argon by mass. Calculate the age of the rock in years.

Identify two of the most abundant radioactive elements that exist on Earth. Explain why they are still present. (You may need to consult a handbook of chemistry.)
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