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Chapter 2: Problem 105

Draw all possible structural formulas of the following hydrocarbons: \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}, \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}, \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}, \mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10}, \mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structural formulas of the hydrocarbons CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, C5H12 are represented, respectively, by the compounds Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane and Pentane.

Step by step solution

01

Methane (CH4)

Methane has only one carbon atom that is bonded with four hydrogen atoms. It can be drawn as \[ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \]
02

Ethane (C2H6)

Ethane has two carbon atoms in a bond and each carbon atom is bonded with three hydrogen atoms. It can be drawn as: \[ \mathrm{H} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H}\ \mathrm{H} \]
03

Propane (C3H8)

Propane has three carbon atoms in a chain. Each terminal carbon atom is bonded with three Hydrogen atoms and the central carbon atom is bonded with two Hydrogen atoms. It can be drawn as: \[ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \]
04

Butane (C4H10)

Butane has four carbon atoms in a chain. The terminal carbon atoms are bonded with three Hydrogen atoms and the two central carbon atoms each are bonded with two Hydrogen atoms. It can be drawn as: \[ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \]
05

Pentane (C5H12)

Pentane has five carbon atoms in a chain. The terminal carbon atoms are bonded with three Hydrogen atoms and the three central carbon atoms each are bonded with two Hydrogen atoms. It can be drawn as: \[ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C} - \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \ \mathrm{H} \ | \ \mathrm{H} \]

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