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Chapter 2: Problem 14
Calculate the number of neutrons in \({ }^{239} \mathrm{Pu}\).
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A cube made of platinum (Pt) has an edge length of \(1.0 \mathrm{~cm} .\) (a) Calculate the number of \(\mathrm{Pt}\) atoms in the cube. (b) Atoms are spherical in shape. Therefore, the \(\mathrm{Pt}\) atoms in the cube cannot fill all of the available space. If only 74 percent of the space inside the cube is taken up by Pt atoms, calculate the radius in picometers of a \(\mathrm{Pt}\) atom. The density of \(\mathrm{Pt}\) is \(21.45 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) and the mass of a single \(\mathrm{Pt}\) atom is \(3.240 \times 10^{-22} \mathrm{~g}\). [The volume of a sphere of radius \(r\) is \(\left.(4 / 3) \pi r^{3} .\right]\)
List the elements that exist as gases at room temperature. (Hint: Most of these elements can be found in Groups \(5 \mathrm{~A}, 6 \mathrm{~A}, 7 \mathrm{~A},\) and \(8 \mathrm{~A} .)\)
Give an example each for a binary compound and a ternary compound.
What do we call atoms of the same elements with different mass numbers?
Some compounds are better known by their common names than by their systematic chemical names. Give the chemical formulas of the following substances: (a) dry ice, (b) table salt, (c) laughing gas, (d) marble (chalk, limestone), (e) quicklime, (f) slaked lime, (g) baking soda, (h) washing soda, (i) gypsum, (j) milk of magnesia.
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