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Chapter 2: Problem 19

What is the periodic table, and what is its significance in the study of chemistry?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The periodic table is a comprehensive chart that organizes elements based on atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. In the study of chemistry, it's significant as it helps to understand the reactions of elements, predict properties, and provide fundamental information required for the creation of new compounds.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Periodic Table

The periodic table is a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns. The table has multiple layers of arrangement, it is mainly ordered by atomic number, but also by electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.
02

Explain the Structure of Periodic Table

The periodic table is divided into several blocks: The 's' block (Group 1 & 2, and Hydrogen & Helium), the 'p' block (Groups 13-18), the 'd' block (Transition metals, Group 3-12), and the 'f' block (Lanthanides and actinides). Each block represents the orbitals being filled in that period. The row the element is in is determined by the energy level being filled, while the group the element is in is determined by the number of valence electrons.
03

Significance of the Periodic Table in the Study of Chemistry

The periodic table is significant to the study of Chemistry as it allows scientists to understand why elements react as they do and their various chemical behaviours. With the periodic table, chemists can classify elements, predict properties of elements, and create compounds following specific patterns and trends observed in the table.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Group \(1 \mathrm{~B}\) metals, \(\mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{Ag},\) and \(\mathrm{Au},\) are called coinage metals. What chemical properties make them specially suitable for making coins and jewelry?

Group the following elements in pairs that you would expect to show similar chemical properties: \(\mathrm{K}, \mathrm{F}, \mathrm{P}, \mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Cl},\) and \(\mathrm{N}\)

Estimate the relative sizes of the following species: \(\mathrm{Li}, \mathrm{Li}^{+}, \mathrm{Li}^{-}\)

Why do all atoms of an element have the same atomic number, although they may have different mass numbers?

Name these compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CrO}_{4},\) (b) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{HPO}_{4}\), (c) HBr (gas), (d) HBr (in water), (e) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\), (f) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7},(\mathrm{~g}) \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{2},(\mathrm{~h}) \mathrm{PF}_{3},(\mathrm{i}) \mathrm{PF}_{5},(\mathrm{j}) \mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) (1) \(\mathrm{SrSO}_{4},(\mathrm{~m}) \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3},(\mathrm{n}) \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (k) \(\mathrm{CdI}_{2}\),
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