Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 2: Problem 28

What are allotropes? Give an example. How are allotropes different from isotopes?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Allotropes are different forms of a chemical element in the same physical state. Carbon, with diamond and graphite being examples, has several allotropes. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, for example hydrogen has Protium, Deuterium, and Tritium. Allotropes differ in physical and chemical properties due to different atomic arrangement, while isotopes differ in physical properties due to different neutron numbers.

Step by step solution

01

Define Allotropes

Allotropes are different forms of a chemical element in the same physical state. They have different structures and distinct properties. For example, carbon has several allotropes, and two of the most known are diamond and graphite.
02

Define Isotopes

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element. While isotopes of a given element share the same number of protons, they have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus. For instance, hydrogen has three isotopes: Protium (no neutron), Deuterium (one neutron), and Tritium (two neutrons). All isotopes of an element have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass numbers (sum of protons and neutrons).
03

Differentiate Between Allotropes and Isotopes

Allotropes and isotopes are different in the sense that allotropes are different forms of an element in the same state having different physical and chemical properties due to different arrangements of atoms, while isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus. Their chemical properties remain the same but physical properties differ slightly.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Give an example each for a binary compound and a ternary compound.

Explain why the chemical formulas of ionic compounds are usually the same as their empirical formulas.

The following table gives numbers of electrons, protons, and neutrons in atoms or ions of a number of elements. Answer the following: (a) Which of the species are neutral? (b) Which are negatively charged? (c) Which are positively charged? (d) What are the conventional symbols for all the species? $$ \begin{array}{lccccccc} \begin{array}{l} \text { Atom or Ion } \\ \text { of Element } \end{array} & \mathbf{A} & \mathbf{B} & \mathbf{C} & \mathbf{D} & \mathbf{E} & \mathbf{F} & \mathbf{G} \\ \hline \text { Number of electrons } & 5 & 10 & 18 & 28 & 36 & 5 & 9 \\ \text { Number of protons } & 5 & 7 & 19 & 30 & 35 & 5 & 9 \\ \text { Number of neutrons } & 5 & 7 & 20 & 36 & 46 & 6 & 10 \\ \hline \end{array} $$

What are the empirical formulas of the following compounds? (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\), (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\), (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{9} \mathrm{H}_{20}\) (d) \(\mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{10},\) (e) \(\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\)

Write the formulas for the following compounds: (a) copper(I) cyanide, (b) strontium chlorite, (c) perbromic acid, (d) hydroiodic acid, (e) disodium ammonium phosphate, (f) lead(II) carbonate, (g) tin(II) fluoride, (h) tetraphosphorus decasulfide, (i) mercury(II) oxide, (j) mercury(I) iodide, (k) selenium hexafluoride.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free