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Chapter 2: Problem 56

What is the Stock system? What are its advantages over the older system of naming cations?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The Stock system is a method used in chemistry to name chemical compounds where oxidation states of cations are indicated using Roman numerals. This method is advantageous over older methods as it clearly and explicitly specifies the oxidation state of the cation, effectively handles compounds with elements having more than two oxidation states, and adopts a universal standard, making scientific communication easier and clear worldwide.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of the Stock System

The Stock system is a system used in chemistry to name compounds. It uses Roman numerals to indicate the oxidation state of cations having multiple oxidation states. For example, iron(III) chloride would represent a chlorine compound with an iron cation in its +3 oxidation state.
02

Comparing the Stock System with the older method

In older systems, suffixes '-ic' and '-ous' were used to differentiate higher and lower oxidation states respectively. For instance, 'ferrous' and 'ferric' were used for iron in +2 and +3 oxidation states. But this system became complex with elements having more than two oxidation states.
03

Advantages of the Stock system

1. It provides a clear-cut indication of the oxidation state of the cation in a compound. It, therefore, eradicates any confusion that may arise. 2. It effectively handles compounds with an element which has more than two oxidation states. 3. It follows a global standard, making scientific communication more straightforward and precise across different parts of the world.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Pair the following species that contain the same number of electrons: \(\mathrm{Ar}, \mathrm{Sn}^{4+}, \mathrm{F}^{-}, \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}, \mathrm{P}^{3-}, \mathrm{V}, \mathrm{Ag}^{+}, \mathrm{N}^{3-}\)

(a) Which elements are most likely to form ionic compounds? (b) Which metallic elements are most likely to form cations with different charges?

Describe the two commonly used molecular models.

Fluorine reacts with hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) to form hydrogen fluoride (HF) and deuterium fluoride (DF), where deuterium ( \({ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}\) ) is an isotope of hydrogen. Would a given amount of fluorine react with different masses of the two hydrogen isotopes? Does this violate the law of definite proportion? Explain.

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