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Chapter 22: Problem 35

Describe a laboratory and an industrial preparation of nitrogen gas.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Nitrogen gas is prepared in labs via the thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride. Industrial preparation involves the fractional distillation of liquid air.

Step by step solution

01

Laboratory Preparation of Nitrogen Gas

In a laboratory setting, nitrogen gas can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). Chemical reaction: \[2NH4Cl(s) \rightarrow N2(g) + 2HCl(g) + 2H2(g)\]The ammonium chloride is heated until it breaks down into nitrogen, hydrogen, and hydrochloric gases, and the nitrogen gas can then be collected.
02

Industrial Preparation of Nitrogen Gas

Industrially, nitrogen gas is primarily produced via the fractional distillation of liquid air.1. The air is first purified to remove any dust, water vapor, and carbon dioxide, which could freeze in the subsequent steps. 2. The purified air is then cooled to approximately -200°C, converting it into a liquid.3. The liquefied air undergoes fractional distillation. The different gases in the air have different boiling points and, therefore, vaporize at different temperatures. The nitrogen gas, which has a lower boiling point than the other major components of air, vaporizes first and is collected.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give an example of hydrogen as (a) an oxidizing agent and (b) a reducing agent.

Make a list of physical and chemical properties of chlorine \(\left(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right)\) and magnesium. Comment on their differences with reference to the fact that one is a metal and the other is a nonmetal.

Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions: (a) Heating phosphorous acid yields phosphoric acid and phosphine \(\left(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\right) .\) (b) Lithium carbide reacts with hydrochloric acid to give lithium chloride and methane. (c) Bubbling HI gas through an aqueous solution of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\) yields molecular iodine and nitric oxide. (d) Hydrogen sulfide is oxidized by chlorine to give \(\mathrm{HCl}\) and \(\mathrm{SCl}_{2}\).

Describe two laboratory and two industrial preparations for hydrogen.

Explain why, under normal conditions, the reaction of zinc with nitric acid does not produce hydrogen.
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