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Chapter 22: Problem 59

Describe one industrial and one laboratory preparation of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Oxygen gas (\(\mathrm{O}_{2}\)) is industrially prepared via the fractional distillation of liquified air. In a laboratory setting, it can be prepared by decomposing chemicals such as potassium chlorate (\(\mathrm{KClO_3}\)) under heat and a catalyst like MnO2, which produces \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) gas and Potassium chloride.

Step by step solution

01

Industrial preparation of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\)

Industrially, \(O_2\) or Oxygen is commonly prepared by the fractional distillation of liquefied air. Air is liquified by applying high pressure and lowering the temperature. In this liquified air, Oxygen gas is separated using fractional distillation. The liquified air is allowed to warm up slowly in a fractional distillation column where different components of air boil off and can be separated at their respective boiling points, and oxygen is collected at its boiling point.
02

Laboratory preparation of \(O_2\)

Laboratory preparation of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) usually involves the decomposition of certain chemicals that produce \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) as a by-product. One common method is the decomposition of potassium chlorate (\(\mathrm{KClO}_{3}\)) when heated in presence of MnO2 as a catalyst, where it decomposes to produce \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) and Potassium chloride. The reaction can be outlined as follows: \[2\mathrm{KClO}_{3}\xrightarrow{\mathrm{MnO2}} 2\mathrm{KCl} + 3\mathrm{O}_{2}\]

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Metal chlorides can be prepared in a number of ways: (a) direct combination of metal and molecular chlorine, (b) reaction between metal and hydrochloric acid, (c) acid-base neutralization, (d) metal carbonate treated with hydrochloric acid, (e) precipitation reaction. Give an example for each type of preparation.

Aqueous copper(II) sulfate solution is blue. When aqueous potassium fluoride is added to the \(\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}\) solution, a green precipitate is formed. If aqueous potassium chloride is added instead, a bright-green solution is formed. Explain what happens in each case.

Draw molecular orbital energy level diagrams for \(\mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{O}_{2}^{-},\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}^{2-}\).

Describe two chemical differences between CO and \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\).

Why is the \(\mathrm{P}_{4}\) molecule unstable?
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