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Chapter 22: Problem 94

What is the change in oxidation number for the following reaction? $$3 \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{O}_{3}$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The change in oxidation number for oxygen in the reaction from O2 to O3 is \(+2/3\).

Step by step solution

01

Assign Oxidation Numbers

The oxidation number of an element in its elemental state (not combined with any other elements) is always zero. So, in \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\), each oxygen atom has an oxidation number of zero. In \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\) (ozone), each oxygen atom has a fractional oxidation number of \(+2/3\). This is because the total of the oxidation states in neutral molecules is zero. Hence, three oxygen atoms in O3 need to share two 'electrons' making it an average of \(+2/3\) per atom.
02

Calculate Change in Oxidation Numbers

The change in oxidation numbers can be calculated by subtracting the initial oxidation number from the final oxidation number. Thus, the change in the oxidation number for oxygen going from O2 to O3 is \(+2/3 - 0 = +2/3\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Solid \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) exists as \(\left[\mathrm{PCl}_{4}^{+}\right]\left[\mathrm{PCl}_{6}^{-}\right] .\) Draw Lewis structures for these ions. Describe the hybridization state of the \(\mathrm{P}\) atoms.

Unlike \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) does not readily yield \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) when heated. On the other hand, \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) undergoes thermal decomposition to produce \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\). (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction. (b) How would you test for the \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) evolved? [Hint: Treat the gas with limewater, an aqueous solution of \(\left.\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} .\right]\)

Consider the reaction $$\mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{NO}(g)$$ Given that the \(\Delta G^{\circ}\) for the reaction at \(298 \mathrm{~K}\) is \(173.4 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol},\) calculate (a) the standard free energy of formation of \(\mathrm{NO},\) (b) \(K_{P}\) for the reaction, \((\mathrm{c}) K_{\mathrm{c}}\) for the reaction.

Describe the bonding in the \(\mathrm{C}_{2}^{2-}\) ion in terms of the molecular orbital theory.

Two solutions are labeled A and B. Solution A contains \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) and solution \(\mathrm{B}\) contains \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\). Describe how you would distinguish between the two solutions if you were provided with a \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) solution. (Hint: You need to know the solubilities of \(\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{MgHCO}_{3}\).)
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