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Chapter 5: Problem 149
Which of the noble gases would not behave ideally under any circumstance? Why?
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The density of a mixture of fluorine and chlorine gases is \(1.77 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\) at \(14^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and 0.893 atm. Calculate the mass percent of the gases.
What is the difference between gas diffusion and effusion? State Graham's law and define the terms in Equation (5.17)
(a) Show that the pressure exerted by a fluid \(P\) (in pascals) is given by \(P=h d g,\) where \(h\) is the column of the fluid in meters, \(d\) is the density in \(\mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3},\) and \(g\) is the acceleration due to gravity \(\left(9.81 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\right)\) (Hint: See Appendix 1.) (b) The volume of an air bubble that starts at the bottom of a lake at \(5.24^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) increases by a factor of 6 as it rises to the surface of water where the temperature is \(18.73^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and the air pressure is 0.973 atm. The density of the lake water is \(1.02 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). Use the equation in (a) to determine the depth of the lake in meters.
Assuming that air contains 78 percent \(\mathrm{N}_{2}, 21\) percent \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\), and 1 percent Ar, all by volume, how many molecules of each type of gas are present in \(1.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of air at STP?
In the metallurgical process of refining nickel, the metal is first combined with carbon monoxide to form tetracarbonylnickel, which is a gas at \(43^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) : $$ \mathrm{Ni}(s)+4 \mathrm{CO}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}(g) $$ This reaction separates nickel from other solid impurities. (a) Starting with \(86.4 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{Ni}\), calculate the pressure of \(\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\) in a container of volume \(4.00 \mathrm{~L}\). (Assume the above reaction goes to completion.) (b) At temperatures above \(43^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), the pressure of the gas is observed to increase much more rapidly than predicted by the ideal gas equation. Explain.
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