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Chapter 8: Problem 17

What is wrong with the statement "The atoms of element \(\mathrm{X}\) are isoelectronic with the atoms of element \(\mathrm{Y}^{\prime \prime} ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The statement is incorrect. Atoms of two different elements can't be isoelectronic, unlike ions of different elements which can be. Atoms can only be isoelectronic if they are atoms of the same element.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Isoelectronic

Isoelectronic entities have the same number of electrons and the same structure of electronic shells. This term is usually applicable to compare ions or atom and an ion but not between atoms of two different elements.
02

Identifying the error

Given that isoelectronic refers to the same number of electrons and same electronic structure, it is factually incorrect to say that atoms of one element are isoelectronic with atoms of another element unless they are atoms of the same element. Atoms of different elements inherently have different numbers of electrons thus can't be isoelectronic.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The ionization energies of sodium (in \(\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\) ), starting with the first and ending with the eleventh, are 495.9,4560,6900,9540,13,400,16,600,20,120 \(25,490,28,930,141,360,170,000 .\) Plot the \(\log\) of ionization energy ( \(y\) axis) versus the number of ionization \((x\) axis \() ;\) for example, log 495.9 is plotted versus 1 (labeled \(I E_{1}\), the first ionization energy), \(\log 4560\) is plotted versus 2 (labeled \(I E_{2}\), the second ionization energy), and so on. (a) Label \(I E_{1}\) through \(I E_{11}\) with the electrons in orbitals such as \(1 s, 2 s, 2 p\) and \(3 s .\) (b) What can you deduce about electron shells from the breaks in the curve?

Define atomic radius. Does the size of an atom have a precise meaning?

Write the empirical (or molecular) formulas of compounds that the elements in the third period (sodium to chlorine) should form with (a) molecular oxygen and (b) molecular chlorine. In each case indicate whether you would expect the compound to be ionic or molecular in character.

Match each of the elements on the right with its description on the left: (a) A dark-red liquid (b) A colorless gas that burns in oxygen gas (c) A reactive metal that attacks water (d) A shiny metal that is used in jewelry (e) An inert gas Calcium (Ca) Gold (Au) Hydrogen \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right)\) Argon (Ar) Bromine \(\left(\mathrm{Br}_{2}\right)\)

For each pair of elements listed, give three properties that show their chemical similarity: (a) sodium and potassium, (b) chlorine and bromine.
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