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Chapter 8: Problem 78

List all the common ions of representative elements and transition metals that are isoelectronic with Ar.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The ions Cl-, K+, Sc3+ along with potentially other transition metals ions are isoelectronic with Argon.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Isoelectronic Concept

Isoelectronic ions or elements have the same number of electrons. Argon (Ar) has 18 electrons. So, we are looking for ions that also have 18 electrons.
02

Identify Isoelectronic Ions of Representative Elements

Take elements near Argon in the periodic table. To the left of Argon is Chlorine (Z=17), which forms Cl-. This ion will have gained one electron, so it now has 18, and therefore is isoelectronic with Argon. To the right of Argon, we have Potassium (Z=19), which forms K+. By losing one electron, this ion will also have 18 electrons, thus is isoelectronic to Argon.
03

Identify Isoelectronic Ions of Transition Metals

Consider Sc (Scandium, Z=21). Upon losing three electrons, Sc forms Sc3+, and now has 18 electrons, making it isoelectronic to Argon. The same logic applies to transition metal ions that, after losing specific numbers of electrons, achieve 18 electrons.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Why are Group \(1 \mathrm{~B}\) elements more stable than Group 1A elements even though they seem to have the same outer electron configuration, \(n s^{1},\) where \(n\) is the principal quantum number of the outermost shell?

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State whether each of the following properties of the representative elements generally increases or decreases (a) from left to right across a period and (b) from top to bottom within a group: metallic character, atomic size, ionization energy, acidity of oxides.

The first four ionization energies of an element are approximately \(579 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}, 1980 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}, 2963 \mathrm{~kJ} /\) mol, and \(6180 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\). To which periodic group does this element belong?

In general, ionization energy increases from left to right across a given period. Aluminum, however, has a lower ionization energy than magnesium. Explain.
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