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Chapter 10: Problem 79

What type of solid will each of the following substances form? a. \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) e. \(\mathrm{Ru}\) i. \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) b. \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) f. \(\mathrm{I}_{2}\) j. \(\mathrm{U}\) c. Si g. \(\mathrm{KBr}\) k. \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\) d. \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\) h. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) 1\. \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) - molecular solid e. \(\mathrm{Ru}\) - metallic solid i. \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) - ionic solid b. \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) - covalent network solid f. \(\mathrm{I}_{2}\) - molecular solid j. \(\mathrm{U}\) - metallic solid c. Si - covalent network solid g. \(\mathrm{KBr}\) - ionic solid k. \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\) - ionic solid d. \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\) - molecular solid h. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) - molecular solid 1. \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\) - molecular solid

Step by step solution

01

Identify the bond type

Since C and O are both nonmetals, they form a covalent bond.
02

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) consists of discrete molecules, it forms a molecular solid. e. \(\mathrm{Ru}\)
03

Identify the bond type

Ru is a metal, so it forms metallic bonds.
04

Determine the type of solid

As metals form a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a sea of electrons, \(\mathrm{Ru}\) forms a metallic solid. i. \(\mathrm{NaOH}\)
05

Identify the bond type

Na is a metal, while O and H are nonmetals. Thus, they form ionic bonds.
06

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) consists of a lattice of positive and negative ions, it forms an ionic solid. b. \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\)
07

Identify the bond type

Si and O are both nonmetals, so they form covalent bonds.
08

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) forms a continuous three-dimensional covalent network, it is a covalent network solid. f. \(\mathrm{I}_{2}\)
09

Identify the bond type

Iodine is a nonmetal, so it forms covalent bonds.
10

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{I}_{2}\) consists of discrete molecules, it forms a molecular solid. j. \(\mathrm{U}\)
11

Identify the bond type

Uranium is a metal, so it forms metallic bonds.
12

Determine the type of solid

As metals form a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a sea of electrons, \(\mathrm{U}\) forms a metallic solid. c. Si
13

Identify the bond type

Silicon is a nonmetal, so it forms covalent bonds.
14

Determine the type of solid

As Si forms a continuous three-dimensional covalent network, it is a covalent network solid. g. \(\mathrm{KBr}\)
15

Identify the bond type

K is a metal, while Br is a nonmetal. Thus, they form ionic bonds.
16

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{KBr}\) consists of a lattice of positive and negative ions, it forms an ionic solid. k. \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\)
17

Identify the bond type

Ca is a metal, while C and O are nonmetals. Thus, they form ionic bonds.
18

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\) consists of a lattice of positive and negative ions, it forms an ionic solid. d. \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\)
19

Identify the bond type

C and H are both nonmetals, so they form covalent bonds.
20

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\) consists of discrete molecules, it forms a molecular solid. h. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)
21

Identify the bond type

H and O are both nonmetals, so they form covalent bonds.
22

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) consists of discrete molecules held together by hydrogen bonds, it forms a molecular solid. 1\. \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\)
23

Identify the bond type

P and H are both nonmetals, so they form covalent bonds.
24

Determine the type of solid

As \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\) consists of discrete molecules, it forms a molecular solid.

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