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Chapter 2: Problem 110

A binary ionic compound is known to contain a cation with 51 protons and 48 electrons. The anion contains one-third the number of protons as the cation. The number of electrons in the anion is equal to the number of protons plus 1 . What is the formula of this compound? What is the name of this compound?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The formula of the binary ionic compound is SbCl_3, and its name is Antimony(III) Chloride.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the element for the cation

The cation has 51 protons, which means it has an atomic number of 51. Using the periodic table, we can identify the element as Antimony (Sb).
02

Calculate the charge of the cation

To determine the charge of the cation, subtract the number of electrons from the number of protons: \(\\ 51 - 48 = +3 \\ \) So, the cation has a charge of +3 and is represented as Sb^{3+}
03

Identify the element for the anion

The anion has one-third the number of protons as the cation: \(\\ \frac{1}{3}(51) = 17 \\ \) So, the anion has 17 protons which means it has an atomic number of 17. Using the periodic table, we can identify the element as Chlorine (Cl).
04

Calculate the charge of the anion

The number of electrons in the anion is equal to the number of protons plus 1: \(\\ 17 + 1 = 18 \\ \) To determine the charge of the anion, subtract the number of protons from the number of electrons: \(\\ 18 - 17 = -1 \\ \) So, the anion has a charge of -1 and is represented as Cl^{-}
05

Determine the formula of the compound

In order to form a neutral compound, the charges from the cation and the anion must cancel each other. Use the lowest common multiple method to determine the number of cations and anions that are needed to form a neutral compound: Cation charge: +3 (Sb^{3+}) Anion charge: -1 (Cl^{-}) The charges will cancel each other when there are three anions for each cation in the compound. Therefore, the formula of the binary ionic compound is SbCl_3.
06

Determine the name of the compound

The binary ionic compound is composed of the elements Antimony (Sb) and Chlorine (Cl). The name of the compound will be the cation name followed by the anion name with the suffix -ide. The name of this compound is Antimony(III) Chloride.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A sample of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) contains \(2.02 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen, \(32.07 \mathrm{~g}\) of sulfur, and \(64.00 \mathrm{~g}\) of oxygen. How many grams of sulfur and grams of oxygen are present in a second sample of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) containing \(7.27 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen?

Distinguish between the following terms. a. molecule versus ion b. covalent bonding versus ionic bonding c. molecule versus compound d. anion versus cation

Write the atomic symbol \(\left({ }_{z}^{A} X\right)\) for each of the isotopes described below. a. number of protons \(=27\), number of neutrons \(=31\) b. the isotope of boron with mass number 10 c. \(Z=12, A=23\) d. atomic number 53, number of neutrons \(=79\) e. \(Z=9\), number of neutrons \(=10\) f. number of protons \(=29\), mass number 65

In an experiment it was found that the total charge on an oil drop was \(5.93 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{C}\). How many negative charges does the drop contain?

Write the atomic symbol \(\left({ }_{Z}^{A} X\right)\) for each of the following isotopes. a. \(Z=8\), number of neutrons \(=9\) b. the isotope of chlorine in which \(A=37\) c. \(Z=27, A=60\) d. number of protons \(=26\), number of neutrons \(=31\) e. the isotope of \(I\) with a mass number of 131 f. \(Z=3\), number of neutrons \(=4\)
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