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Chapter 2: Problem 68

Write the formula for each of the following compounds: a. chromium(III) hydroxide c. lead(IV) carbonate b. magnesium cyanide d. ammonium acetate

Short Answer

Expert verified
The chemical formulas for the given compounds are: a. Chromium(III) hydroxide: \(Cr(OH)_3\) b. Magnesium cyanide: \(Mg(CN)_2\) c. Lead(IV) carbonate: \(Pb(CO_3)_2\) d. Ammonium acetate: \(NH_4CH_3COO\) (or \(NH_4C_2H_3O_2\))

Step by step solution

01

1. chromium(III) hydroxide formula

First, identify the constituent ions and their charges. Chromium(III) indicates that chromium has a charge of +3. Hydroxide is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula OH^- and a charge of -1. To balance the charges, we need three hydroxide ions (OH^-) for every chromium(III) ion (Cr^3+): Cr^(3+) + 3(OH^-) → Cr(OH)₃ So, the formula for chromium(III) hydroxide is Cr(OH)₃.
02

2. lead(IV) carbonate formula

Identify the ions and their charges. Lead(IV) means that lead has a charge of +4. Carbonate is a polyatomic ion with the formula CO₃²⁻ and a charge of -2. To balance the charges, we need two carbonate ions (CO₃²⁻) for every lead(IV) ion (Pb^4+): Pb^(4+) + 2(CO₃²⁻) → Pb(CO₃)₂ So, the formula for lead(IV) carbonate is Pb(CO₃)₂.
03

3. magnesium cyanide formula

Identify the ions and their charges. Magnesium is in group 2 of the periodic table, which means it forms a divalent cation with a charge of +2 (Mg²⁺). Cyanide is a polyatomic ion with the formula CN^- and a charge of -1. To balance the charges, we need two cyanide ions (CN^⁻) for every magnesium ion (Mg²⁺): Mg^(2+) + 2(CN⁻) → Mg(CN)₂ So, the formula for magnesium cyanide is Mg(CN)₂.
04

4. ammonium acetate formula

Identify the ions and their charges. Ammonium is a polyatomic ion with the formula NH₄⁺ and a charge of +1. Acetate is also a polyatomic ion with the formula CH₃COO⁻ (or C₂H₃O₂⁻) and a charge of -1. In this case, the charges of the ammonium and acetate ions balance each other perfectly, so we can combine them directly: NH₄^+ + CH₃COO^⁻ → NH₄CH₃COO (or NH₄C₂H₃O₂) So, the formula for ammonium acetate is NH₄CH₃COO (or NH₄C₂H₃O₂).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in each of the following atoms or ions? a. \({ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg}\) b. \({ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) c. \({ }_{27}^{59} \mathrm{Co}^{2+}\) d. \({ }_{27}^{59} \mathrm{Co}^{3+}\) e. \({ }_{27}^{59} \mathrm{Co}\) f. \({ }_{34}^{74} \mathrm{Se}\) g. \({ }_{34} \mathrm{Se}^{2}\). h. \(\frac{63}{28} \mathrm{Ni}\) i. \(\frac{59}{28} \mathrm{Ni}^{2+}\)

From the information in this chapter on the mass of the proton, the mass of the electron, and the sizes of the nucleus and the atom, calculate the densities of a hydrogen nucleus and a hydrogen atom.

A sample of chloroform is found to contain \(12.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of carbon, \(106.4 \mathrm{~g}\) of chlorine, and \(1.01 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen. If a second sample of chloroform is found to contain \(30.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of carbon, what is the total mass of chloroform in the second sample?

What is the modern view of the structure of the atom?

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