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Chapter 2: Problem 91

The formulas and common names for several substances are given below. Give the systematic names for these substances. a. sugar of lead \(\mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{2}\) \(\begin{array}{ll}\text { b. blue vitrol } & \mathrm{CuSO}_{4}\end{array}\) c. quicklime \(\mathrm{CaO}\) d. Epsom salts \(\mathrm{MgSO}_{.}\) e. milk of magnesia \(\quad \mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) f. gypsum \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) \(\mathrm{g}\). laughing gas \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Lead(II) acetate b. Copper(II) sulfate c. Calcium oxide d. Magnesium sulfate e. Magnesium hydroxide f. Calcium sulfate g. Dinitrogen monoxide

Step by step solution

01

a. Sugar of Lead \(Pb(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})_{2}\)

To find the systematic name of this formula, we must identify the metal and anion. The symbol 'Pb' stands for lead. The anion is a combination of C and H atoms, which is Acetate (C2H3O2), shown by the suffix -ate. Therefore, the systematic name for this substance is Lead(II) acetate.
02

b. Blue vitrol \(CuSO_{4}\)

Again, we should identify the metal and anion. The symbol 'Cu' stands for copper, while 'SO4' is the sulfate ion (SO4^2-). As a result, the systemic name for this substance is Copper(II) sulfate.
03

c. Quicklime \(CaO\)

For this compound, the metal is 'Ca' (calcium) and the anion is 'O' (oxygen). When oxygen is combined with a metal, it forms an oxide. Hence, the systematic name for this substance is Calcium oxide.
04

d. Epsom salts \(MgSO_{4}\)

The given formula has the metal 'Mg' (magnesium) and the anion sulfate (SO4^2-). Therefore, the systematic name for this substance is Magnesium sulfate.
05

e. Milk of magnesia \(Mg(OH)_{2}\)

In this case, the metal is 'Mg' (magnesium) and the anion is the hydroxide ion (OH^-), which is found in bases. Consequently, the systematic name for this substance is Magnesium hydroxide.
06

f. Gypsum \(CaSO_{4}\)

The metal in this formula is 'Ca' (calcium), and the anion is the sulfate ion (SO4^2-). Thus, the systematic name for this substance is Calcium sulfate.
07

g. Laughing gas \(N_{2}O\)

This is a molecular compound made up of two non-metals: nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O). Since it's a binary compound, the systematic name for this substance is Dinitrogen monoxide.

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