The designations IA through 8 A used for certain families of the periodic table are helpful for predicting the charges on ions in binary ionic compounds. In these compounds, the metals generally take on a positive charge equal to the family number, while the nonmetals take on a negative charge equal to the family number minus eight. Thus the compound between sodium and chlorine contains \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) ions and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) ions and has the formula \(\mathrm{NaCl}\). Predict the formula and the name of the binary compound formed from the following pairs of elements. a. \(\mathrm{Ca}\) and \(\mathrm{N}\) e. \(\mathrm{Ba}\) and \(\mathrm{I}\) b. \(\mathrm{K}\) and \(\mathrm{O}\) f. \(\mathrm{Al}\) and Se c. \(\mathrm{Rb}\) and \(\mathrm{F}\) g. Cs and P d. \(\mathrm{Mg}\) and \(\mathrm{S}\) h. In and \(\mathrm{Br}\)

Step by step solution

01

a. Ca and N

In this pair, calcium (Ca) belongs to the 2A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 2 (+2), and nitrogen (N) belongs to the 5A family, which means it will have a negative charge of 5 - 8 = -3. Since Ca has a charge of +2 and N has a charge of -3, the formula of this binary compound will be \(Ca_{3}N_{2}\). The name of the compound is Calcium Nitride.

02

b. K and O

In this pair, potassium (K) belongs to the 1A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 1 (+1), and oxygen (O) belongs to the 6A family, which means it will have a negative charge of 6 - 8 = -2. Since K has a charge of +1 and O has a charge of -2, the formula of this binary compound will be \(K_{2}O\). The name of the compound is Potassium Oxide.

03

c. Rb and F

In this pair, rubidium (Rb) belongs to the 1A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 1 (+1), and fluorine (F) belongs to the 7A family, which means it will have a negative charge of 7 - 8 = -1. Since Rb has a charge of +1 and F has a charge of -1, the formula of this binary compound will be \(RbF\). The name of the compound is Rubidium Fluoride.

04

d. Mg and S

In this pair, magnesium (Mg) belongs to the 2A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 2 (+2), and sulfur (S) belongs to the 6A family, which means it will have a negative charge of 6 - 8 = -2. Since Mg has a charge of +2 and S has a charge of -2, the formula of this binary compound will be \(MgS\). The name of the compound is Magnesium Sulfide.

05

e. Ba and I

In this pair, barium (Ba) belongs to the 2A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 2 (+2), and iodine (I) belongs to the 7A family, which means it again will have a negative charge of 7 - 8 = -1. Since Ba has a charge of +2 and I has a charge of -1, the formula of this binary compound will be \(BaI_{2}\). The name of the compound is Barium Iodide.

06

f. Al and Se

In this pair, aluminum (Al) belongs to the 3A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 3 (+3), and selenium (Se) belongs to the 6A family, which means it again will have a negative charge of 6 - 8 = -2. Since Al has a charge of +3 and Se has a charge of -2, the formula of this binary compound will be \(Al_{2}Se_{3}\). The name of the compound is Aluminum Selenide.

07

g. Cs and P

In this pair, cesium (Cs) belongs to the 1A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 1 (+1), and phosphorus (P) belongs to the 5A family, which means it again will have a negative charge of 5 - 8 = -3. Since Cs has a charge of +1 and P has a charge of -3, the formula of this binary compound will be \(Cs_{3}P\). The name of the compound is Cesium Phosphide.

08

h. In and Br

In this pair, indium (In) belongs to the 3A family, which means it will have a positive charge of 3 (+3), and bromine (Br) belongs to the 7A family, which means it again will have a negative charge of 7 - 8 = -1. Since In has a charge of +3 and Br has a charge of -1, the formula of this binary compound will be \(InBr_{3}\). The name of the compound is Indium Bromide.

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