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Chapter 22: Problem 17

Draw a structural formula for each of the following compounds. a. 2 -methylpropane b. 2 -methylbutane c. 2 -methylpentane d. 2 -methylhexane

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structural formulas for each compound are: a. 2-methylpropane: CH3 | H3C-C-CH3 | H b. 2-methylbutane: CH3 | H3C-CH-C-CH2-CH3 | H c. 2-methylpentane: CH3 | H3C-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH3 | H d. 2-methylhexane: CH3 | H3C-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | H

Step by step solution

01

Understand the compound names and their meaning.

In all four compounds, the name starts with a number followed by "methyl". The number indicates the position of the methyl group in the chain of carbon atoms, while "methyl" refers to the CH3 group that will be attached to the main carbon chain at the specified position. The last part of the compound name refers to the main carbon chain, describing the number of carbon atoms in the chain with the suffix "ane" since these are all alkanes and have only single carbon-carbon bonds.
02

Draw the main carbon chain for each compound.

First, draw the main carbon chain for each compound: a. For 2-methylpropane, the main chain has 3 carbon atoms (propane). b. For 2-methylbutane, the main chain has 4 carbon atoms (butane). c. For 2-methylpentane, the main chain has 5 carbon atoms (pentane). d. For 2-methylhexane, the main chain has 6 carbon atoms (hexane).
03

Add the methyl (CH3) group at the specified position.

Next, attach the CH3 group at the specified position (number) on the main carbon chain for each compound: a. 2-methylpropane: Attach CH3 to the second carbon atom in the propane chain. b. 2-methylbutane: Attach CH3 to the second carbon atom in the butane chain. c. 2-methylpentane: Attach CH3 to the second carbon atom in the pentane chain. d. 2-methylhexane: Attach CH3 to the second carbon atom in the hexane chain.
04

Draw the structural formulas for each compound.

Now we can draw the structural formulas for each compound: a. 2-methylpropane: CH3 | H3C-C-CH3 | H b. 2-methylbutane: CH3 | H3C-CH-C-CH2-CH3 | H c. 2-methylpentane: CH3 | H3C-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH3 | H d. 2-methylhexane: CH3 | H3C-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | H

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