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Chapter 22: Problem 43

Draw the following. a. cis- 2 -hexene b. trans-2-butene c. cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer consists of three drawn structures. a. Cis-2-hexene: A chain of six carbon atoms numbered 1 to 6, with a double bond between carbon 2 and 3, and hydrogens placed in the cis conformation as explained above. b. Trans-2-butene: A chain of four carbon atoms numbered 1 to 4, with a double bond between carbon 2 and 3, and hydrogens placed in the trans conformation as explained above. c. Cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene: A chain of five carbon atoms numbered 1 to 5, with a double bond between carbon 2 and 3, two chlorines on the same side of the double bond, and hydrogens placed as explained above.

Step by step solution

01

1. Identifying the structure for cis-2-hexene

In order to draw cis-2-hexene, we need to know that hexene signifies an alkene with 6 carbon atoms, with the double bond beginning at the 2nd carbon (C2). The cis conformation means that the two groups attached to the double bonded carbons are on the same side.
02

2. Drawing cis-2-hexene

First, draw a linear chain of six carbon atoms and number them from left to right (1 to 6). Place a double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3. Now, arrange the hydrogen atoms such that the higher priority groups are on the same side of the double bond, i.e., put two hydrogen atoms on carbons 1 and 4. Add two hydrogens to carbons 5 and 6, and one hydrogen at carbons 2 and 3. This conformation represents a cis-2-hexene molecule.
03

3. Identifying the structure for trans-2-butene

To draw trans-2-butene, we need to understand that butene signifies an alkene with 4 carbon atoms, with the double bond beginning at the 2nd carbon (C2). The trans conformation means that the two groups attached to the double bonded carbons are on opposite sides.
04

4. Drawing trans-2-butene

First, draw a linear chain of four carbon atoms and number them from left to right (1 to 4). Place a double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3. Now, arrange the hydrogen atoms such that one hydrogen atom is attached at each end (carbons 1 and 4) of this alkene molecule and it is diagonally opposite to another hydrogen atom on the double bonded carbons (2 and 3). This conformation represents a trans-2-butene molecule.
05

5. Identifying the structure for cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene

To draw cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene, we need to know that pentene signifies an alkene with 5 carbon atoms and the double bond beginning at the 2nd carbon (C2). The cis conformation indicates that the two chlorine atoms are on the same side of the double bond.
06

6. Drawing cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene

First, draw a linear chain of five carbon atoms and number them from left to right (1 to 5). Place a double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3. Attach one chlorine atom to carbon atom 2 and another to carbon atom 3, on the same side of the double bond. Add two hydrogen atoms to carbons 1 and 4. Finally, put two hydrogen atoms on carbons 5. This conformation represents a cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene molecule.

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