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Chapter 22: Problem 53

Name all the alcohols that have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}\). How many ethers have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}\) ?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The alcohols with the formula C5H12O are Pentan-1-ol, Pentan-2-ol, Pentan-3-ol, 2-methylbutan-1-ol, and 2-methylbutan-2-ol. There are 4 ethers with the formula C5H12O: Ethoxypropane, Methoxybutane, 1-methoxy-2-methylpropane, and 1-ethoxy-2-methylpropane.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the general formula for alcohols and ethers

For alcohols, the general formula is R-OH, where R is an alkyl group. We will need to identify the isomers of C5 with an OH group attached. The general formula for ethers is R-O-R', where R and R' are alkyl groups. In this case, we will need to divide the 5 carbon atoms into two alkyl groups connected by an oxygen atom.
02

Determine isomers of alcohols with the formula C5H12O

We need to identify the possible arrangements of 5 carbons and an OH group: 1. Pentan-1-ol: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{OH}\) 2. Pentan-2-ol: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 3. Pentan-3-ol: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 4. 2-methylbutan-1-ol: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{C}(\mathrm{CH}_{3})\mathrm{H}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{OH}\) 5. 2-methylbutan-2-ol: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{C}(\mathrm{CH}_{3})\mathrm{H}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) We have found 5 isomers of alcohols having the formula C5H12O.
03

Determine isomers of ethers with the formula C5H12O

Now we will identify the possible arrangements of ethers with the formula C5H12O. We need to divide the 5 carbon atoms into two alkyl groups connected by an oxygen atom. 1. Ethoxypropane: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{O} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 2. Methoxybutane: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{O} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 3. 1-methoxy-2-methylpropane: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{O} - \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_{3}) - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 4. 1-ethoxy-2-methylpropane: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{O} - \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_{3}) - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) We have found 4 isomers of ethers having the formula C5H12O.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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