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Chapter 3: Problem 93

Balance the following equations: a. \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(s)\) b. \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s)+\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(t)\) c. \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(s)+\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(a q)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced equations are as follows: a. \(3\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(a q)+2\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow 6\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(s)\) b. \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s)+3\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}(a q)+3\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) c. \(2\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(s)+2\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(a q)\)

Step by step solution

01

Count the number of atoms on both sides

Before balancing, the equation is: \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(s)\) Number of atoms on the reactants side (left): - Ca: 1 - O: 2 (from OH) - H: 5 (2 from OH and 3 from H3PO4) - P: 1 - O: 4 (from H3PO4) Number of atoms on the products side (right): - H: 2 (from H2O) - O: 9 (1 from H2O and 8 from Ca3(PO4)2) - P: 2 - Ca: 3
02

Balance the equation

We can adjust the coefficients to balance the equation as follows: \( 3\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(a q)+2\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow 6\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(s) \) Now the equation is balanced. #For equation (b)#
03

Count the number of atoms on both sides

Before balancing, the equation is: \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s)+\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) Number of atoms on the reactants side (left): - Al: 1 - O: 1 - H: 3 (from Al(OH)3) - Cl: 1 Number of atoms on the products side (right): - Al: 1 - Cl: 3 - H: 2 - O: 1
04

Balance the equation

We can adjust the coefficients to balance the equation as follows: \( \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s)+3\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}(a q)+3\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \) Now the equation is balanced. #For equation (c)#
05

Count the number of atoms on both sides

Before balancing, the equation is: \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(s)+\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(a q)\) Number of atoms on the reactants side (left): - Ag: 1 - N: 1 - O: 3 (from AgNO3) - H: 2 - S: 1 - O: 4 (from H2SO4) Number of atoms on the products side (right): - Ag: 2 - S: 1 - O: 4 (from Ag2SO4) - H: 1 - N: 1 - O: 3 (from HNO3)
06

Balance the equation

We can adjust the coefficients to balance the equation as follows: \( 2\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(s)+2\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(a q) \) Now the equation is balanced.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine the molecular formula of a compound that contains \(26.7 \% \mathrm{P}, 12.1 \% \mathrm{~N}\), and \(61.2 \% \mathrm{Cl}\), and has a molar mass of \(580 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\).

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