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Chapter 4: Problem 11

You have two solutions of chemical A. To determine which has the highest concentration of A (molarity), which of the following must you know (there may be more than one answer)? a. the mass in grams of \(\mathrm{A}\) in each solution b. the molar mass of \(\mathrm{A}\) c. the volume of water added to each solution d. the total volume of the solution Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
To determine which solution has the highest concentration of chemical A (molarity), you must know the mass in grams of chemical A in each solution (option a), the molar mass of chemical A (option b), and the total volume of the solution (option d). Knowing the volume of water added to each solution (option c) is not sufficient on its own to determine the concentration.

Step by step solution

01

Option A: Mass in grams of chemical A

To know the number of moles of chemical A in each solution, it is necessary to know the mass in grams of chemical A present. This information on its own cannot give us the concentration, but it is crucial for calculating the number of moles. So, this is a piece of required information.
02

Option B: Molar mass of chemical A

The molar mass of chemical A is the mass of one mole of the substance. To calculate the number of moles of chemical A in each solution, we need to divide the mass of chemical A by its molar mass. Therefore, knowing the molar mass of chemical A is essential to determine the concentration.
03

Option C: Volume of water added to each solution

Knowing the volume of water added to each solution is not enough, as it does not give us the total volume of the solution. The concentration of solute depends upon the total volume of the solution, including both solute and solvent. Therefore, this information is not enough to determine the concentration of chemical A.
04

Option D: Total volume of the solution

Knowing the total volume of the solution is necessary because molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To determine the concentration of chemical A in each solution, we need to know the total volume of the solution. So, this information is required. Based on the analysis, options a, b, and d are needed to determine which solution has the highest concentration of chemical A (molarity). Option c, the volume of water added to each solution, is not sufficient on its own to determine the concentration.

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