A 20.0-L nickel container was charged with \(0.500\) atm of xenon gas and \(1.50\) atm of fluorine gas at \(400 .{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The xenon and fluorine react to form xenon tetrafluoride. What mass of xenon tetrafluoride can be produced assuming \(100 \%\) yield?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between xenon and fluorine is \(Xe + 2F_2 \rightarrow XeF_4\). Using the ideal gas law equation and the given conditions, we can find that the number of moles of xenon is \(n_{Xe} = \frac{0.5 atm \times 20.0 L}{0.0821 \frac{L \cdot atm}{mol \cdot K} \times 673.15 K}\) and the number of moles of fluorine is \(n_{F_2} = \frac{1.5 atm \times 20.0 L}{0.0821 \frac{L \cdot atm}{mol \cdot K} \times 673.15 K }\). Comparing their moles with their stoichiometric coefficients, we can determine the limiting reactant, and calculate the moles of xenon tetrafluoride produced. Finally, multiply the moles of xenon tetrafluoride by its molar mass (207.29 g/mol) to get the mass of xenon tetrafluoride produced, assuming 100% yield: \(Mass\ XeF_4 = \ moles\ XeF_4 \times Molar\ Mass\ XeF_4\).

Step by step solution

01

Write the balanced chemical equation

The balanced chemical equation for the formation of xenon tetrafluoride from xenon and fluorine is: \(Xe + 2F_2 \rightarrow XeF_4\)
02

Convert pressure and volume to moles of reactants

To calculate the moles of reactants, we will use the ideal gas law equation: \(P \times V = n \times R \times T\) Where: - \(P\) is pressure (in atm), - \(V\) is volume (in L), - \(n\) is the number of moles, - \(R\) is the universal gas constant (0.0821 \(\frac{L \cdot atm}{mol \cdot K}\)), - \(T\) is the temperature in Kelvin. First, we need to convert the temperature to Kelvin: \(T_{Kelvin} = 400 + 273.15 = 673.15 K\) Now, we can calculate the number of moles for each reactant: For Xenon: \(n_{Xe} = \frac{0.5 atm \times 20.0 L}{0.0821 \frac{L \cdot atm}{mol \cdot K} \times 673.15 K}\) For Fluorine: \(n_{F_2} = \frac{1.5 atm \times 20.0 L}{0.0821 \frac{L \cdot atm}{mol \cdot K} \times 673.15 K }\)
03

Determine the limiting reactant

From the balanced equation, 1 mole of xenon reacts with 2 moles of fluorine. Now we need to compare the actual mole ratio of the reactants to the stoichiometric mole ratio from the balanced equation: Calculate mole ratio: \(\frac{n_{F_2}}{n_{Xe}}\) Determine the limiting reactant by comparing the actual molar ratio with the stoichiometric molar ratio. If the actual ratio is greater than or equal to the stoichiometric ratio, xenon is the limiting reactant. If the actual ratio is less than the stoichiometric ratio, fluorine is the limiting reactant.
04

Calculate moles of the product

Based on the limiting reactant, calculate the moles of xenon tetrafluoride, using the stoichiometric coefficients from the balanced equation.
05

Convert moles of xenon tetrafluoride to mass

To find the mass of xenon tetrafluoride produced, multiply the moles of xenon tetrafluoride by its molar mass (207.29 g/mol): \(Mass\ XeF_4 = \ moles\ XeF_4 \times Molar\ Mass\ XeF_4\) Now you have the mass of xenon tetrafluoride that can be produced, assuming 100% yield.

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