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Chapter 7: Problem 109

For each of the following pairs of elements \((\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{N}) \quad(\mathrm{Ar}\) and \(\mathrm{Br})\) pick the atom with a. more favorable (exothermic) electron affinity. b. higher ionization energy. c. larger size.

Short Answer

Expert verified
For C and N: N has a more favorable electron affinity, higher ionization energy, and C is larger. For Ar and Br: Br has a more favorable electron affinity, Ar has a higher ionization energy, and Ar is larger.

Step by step solution

01

Compare C and N for more favorable electron affinity

Based on the periodic trends, electron affinity becomes more favorable (exothermic) as we move to the right in a period. C and N are in the same period 2, so N has a more favorable electron affinity.
02

Compare C and N for higher ionization energy

Ionization energy typically increases as we move to the right in a period. Both C and N are in period 2, so N has a higher ionization energy than C.
03

Compare C and N for larger size

Atomic size decreases across a period from left to right. Since C and N are in the same period 2 with N being to the right of C, C has the larger size.
04

Compare Ar and Br for more favorable electron affinity

Both Ar and Br are in period 4, but Br is closer to the right of the periodic table. Thus, Br has a more favorable (exothermic) electron affinity.
05

Compare Ar and Br for higher ionization energy

Ionization energy generally increases as we move to the right in a period. Both Ar and Br are in period 4, so Ar has a higher ionization energy. Additionally, Ar is a noble gas, which have high ionization energies due to their stable electronic configuration.
06

Compare Ar and Br for larger size

Atomic size decreases when moving across a period from left to right. Since Ar and Br are in the same period 4, and Ar is more to the left than Br, Ar has the larger size. To sum up: C and N: N has a more favorable electron affinity, higher ionization energy, and C is larger. Ar and Br: Br has a more favorable electron affinity, Ar has a higher ionization energy and a larger size.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give the maximum number of electrons in an atom that can have these quantum numbers: a. \(n=4\) b. \(n=5, m_{\ell}=+1\) c. \(n=5, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}\) d. \(n=3, \ell=2\) e. \(n=2, \ell=1\)

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