For each of the following aqueous reactions, identify the acid, the base, the conjugate base, and the conjugate acid. a. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) b. \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{~N}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) c. \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{~N}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\), Base: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\), Conjugate base: \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\), Conjugate acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) b. Acid: \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}\), Base: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\), Conjugate base: \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}\), Conjugate acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) c. Acid: \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}\), Base: \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\), Conjugate base: \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}\), Conjugate acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\)

Step by step solution

01

Identify the acid and base

In the reactant side, Water (H2O) is acting as a base since it accepts a proton from Carbonic acid (H2CO3). Therefore, H2CO3 is an acid as it donates a proton.
02

Identify the conjugate base and conjugate acid

After H2CO3 donates a proton to H2O, H2O becomes H3O+ (hydronium ion) which is the conjugate acid. H2CO3 becomes HCO3- (bicarbonate ion) which is the conjugate base. b. \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{~N}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\)
03

Identify the acid and base

In the reactant side, Water (H2O) is acting as a base since it accepts a proton from Pyridinium ion (C5H5NH+). Therefore, C5H5NH+ is an acid as it donates a proton.
04

Identify the conjugate base and conjugate acid

After C5H5NH+ donates a proton to H2O, H2O becomes H3O+ (hydronium ion) which is the conjugate acid. C5H5NH+ becomes C5H5N (pyridine) which is the conjugate base. c. \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{~N}\)
05

Identify the acid and base

In the reactant side, Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) is acting as a base since it accepts a proton from Pyridinium ion (C5H5NH+). Therefore, C5H5NH+ is an acid as it donates a proton.
06

Identify the conjugate base and conjugate acid

After C5H5NH+ donates a proton to HCO3-, HCO3- becomes H2CO3 (carbonic acid) which is the conjugate acid. C5H5NH+ becomes C5H5N (pyridine) which is the conjugate base.

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