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Chapter 16: Problem 1

Which of the following will affect the total amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent? a. The solution is stirred. b. The solute is ground to fine particles before dissolving. c. The temperature changes.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Only option (c) – changing the temperature – affects the total amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. Options (a) and (b) may help the solute dissolve more quickly, but they do not change the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent.

Step by step solution

01

Investigate the effect of stirring on solubility

When a solution is stirred, it helps to distribute the solute particles throughout the solvent more effectively and can speed up the dissolving process. However, stirring does not affect the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent – it only helps reach the equilibrium (saturation) more quickly.
02

Investigate the effect of grinding solute particles on solubility

When the solute is ground to finer particles before dissolving, the total surface area of the solute particles increases. This increased surface area allows for more solvent-solute interactions and helps the solute dissolve more quickly. Similar to stirring, grinding solute particles does not change the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent – it just helps reach the equilibrium (saturation) more quickly.
03

Investigate the effect of temperature changes on solubility

The solubility of a solute in a solvent is generally affected by temperature. When the temperature of a solution is increased, the solubility of most solutes increases as well. This increase in solubility is due to the increased kinetic energy of the solvent molecules, which allows them to break more solute-solute bonds and dissolve more solute particles. Conversely, when the temperature is decreased, the solubility of most solutes decreases. Therefore, changing the temperature does affect the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given solvent.
04

Conclusion

Based on our analysis, only option (c) – changing the temperature – affects the total amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. Options (a) and (b) may help the solute dissolve more quickly, but they do not change the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

a. Calculate the molar solubility of \(\mathrm{Sr} \mathrm{F}_{2}\) in water, ignoring the basic properties of \(\mathrm{F}^{-} .\left(\right.\) For \(\mathrm{SrF}_{2}, K_{\text {sp }}=7.9 \times 10^{-10}\).) b. Would the measured molar solubility of \(\mathrm{Sr} \mathrm{F}_{2}\) be greater than or less than the value calculated in part a? Explain. c. Calculate the molar solubility of \(\mathrm{SrF}_{2}\) in a solution buffered at \(\mathrm{pH}=2.00 .\left(K_{\mathrm{a}}\right.\) for \(\mathrm{HF}\) is \(\left.7.2 \times 10^{-4} .\right)\)

Devise as many ways as you can to experimentally determine the \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\) value of a solid. Explain why each of these would work.

When \(\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q)\) is added to a solution containing a metal ion and a precipitate forms, the precipitate generally could be one of two possibilities. What are the two possibilities?

The solubility of the ionic compound \(\mathrm{M}_{2} \mathrm{X}_{3}\), having a molar mass of \(288 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\), is \(3.60 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\). Calculate the \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\) of the compound.

The \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\) for lead iodide \(\left(\mathrm{PbI}_{2}\right)\) is \(1.4 \times 10^{-8} .\) Calculate the solubility of lead iodide in each of the following. \(\mathbf{a}\). water b. \(0.10 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)
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