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Chapter 2: Problem 91

Four \(\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}\) ions are key components of hemoglobin, the protein that transports oxygen in the blood. Assuming that these ions are \(^{53} \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}\), how many protons and neutrons are present in each nucleus, and how many electrons are present in each ion?

Short Answer

Expert verified
In each ⁵³Fe²⁺ ion, there are 26 protons and 27 neutrons in the nucleus, and 24 electrons in the ion. This is because iron has an atomic number of 26, and the mass number of the given isotope is 53. The Fe²⁺ ion indicates that it has lost 2 electrons compared to a neutral iron atom.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the notation

The notation ⁵³Fe represents an isotope of iron (Fe), with a mass number (A) of 53. The mass number of an element is expressed as the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Furthermore, the Fe²⁺ ion indicates that the iron atom has lost two electrons.
02

Determine the atomic number of iron

To determine the protons in the nucleus, we need to know the atomic number of iron (Fe). The atomic number (Z) represents the number of protons in an element's nucleus. Looking up the periodic table or using other resources, we find that the atomic number of iron (Fe) is 26. So, there are 26 protons in the nucleus of ⁵³Fe.
03

Calculate the number of neutrons

To calculate the number of neutrons, we subtract the atomic number (Z) from the mass number (A) of the isotope. In this case, we have: Number of Neutrons = Mass Number (A) - Atomic Number (Z) Number of Neutrons = 53 - 26 Number of Neutrons = 27 So, there are 27 neutrons in the nucleus of ⁵³Fe.
04

Determine the number of electrons in Fe²⁺ ion

In a neutral iron atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons. However, the Fe²⁺ ion indicates that the iron atom has lost two electrons. Therefore, the number of electrons in each Fe²⁺ ion is: Number of Electrons = Atomic Number (Z) - Number of lost electrons Number of Electrons = 26 - 2 Number of Electrons = 24 In summary, each ⁵³Fe²⁺ ion has 26 protons, 27 neutrons, and 24 electrons.

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