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Chapter 20: Problem 2

List two major industrial uses of hydrogen.

Short Answer

Expert verified
1. Hydrogen is used as a feedstock for ammonia production through the Haber-Bosch process, which is then utilized in manufacturing fertilizers. 2. In the food industry, hydrogen is used to produce hydrogenated vegetable oils, improving stability and shelf life for products like margarine, shortening, and baked goods.

Step by step solution

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1. Hydrogen as a feedstock for ammonia production

Hydrogen is used as a raw material, or feedstock, for the production of ammonia through the Haber-Bosch process. Ammonia (NH3) is then used to manufacture fertilizers, which are essential for global agriculture.
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2. Hydrogen as a feedstock for the production of hydrogenated vegetable oils

Hydrogen is employed in the food industry to produce hydrogenated vegetable oils through a process called hydrogenation. During hydrogenation, unsaturated fats in vegetable oils are saturated by adding hydrogen atoms, thus producing solid or semi-solid fats with improved stability and shelf life. These hydrogenated fats are used in the production of products such as margarine, shortening, and various baked goods.

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