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Chapter 20: Problem 29

Write equations describing the reactions of Ga with each of the following: \(\mathrm{F}_{2}, \mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{~S}\), and \(\mathrm{HCl}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced equations for the reactions of gallium with the given substances are as follows: 1. Reaction with F₂ (fluorine gas): \[ 2\,\text{Ga} + 3\,\text{F}_{2} \rightarrow 2\,\text{GaF}_{3} \] 2. Reaction with O₂ (oxygen gas): \[ 4\,\text{Ga} + 3\,\text{O}_{2} \rightarrow 2\,\text{Ga}_{2}\text{O}_{3} \] 3. Reaction with S (sulfur): \[ 2\,\text{Ga} + 3\,\text{S} \rightarrow \text{Ga}_{2}\text{S}_{3} \] 4. Reaction with HCl (hydrogen chloride): \[ 2\,\text{Ga} + 6\,\text{HCl} \rightarrow 2\,\text{GaCl}_{3} + 3\,\text{H}_{2} \]

Step by step solution

01

Reaction 1: Ga with F₂

The balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with fluorine gas is: \[ 2\,\text{Ga} + 3\,\text{F}_{2} \rightarrow 2\,\text{GaF}_{3} \] In this reaction, 2 moles of gallium react with 3 moles of fluorine gas to produce 2 moles of gallium trifluoride.
02

Reaction 2: Ga with O₂

The balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with oxygen gas is: \[ 4\,\text{Ga} + 3\,\text{O}_{2} \rightarrow 2\,\text{Ga}_{2}\text{O}_{3} \] In this reaction, 4 moles of gallium react with 3 moles of oxygen gas to produce 2 moles of gallium trioxide.
03

Reaction 3: Ga with S

The balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with sulfur is: \[ 2\,\text{Ga} + 3\,\text{S} \rightarrow \text{Ga}_{2}\text{S}_{3} \] In this reaction, 2 moles of gallium react with 3 moles of sulfur to produce 1 mole of gallium sulfide.
04

Reaction 4: Ga with HCl

The balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with hydrogen chloride is: \[ 2\,\text{Ga} + 6\,\text{HCl} \rightarrow 2\,\text{GaCl}_{3} + 3\,\text{H}_{2} \] In this reaction, 2 moles of gallium react with 6 moles of hydrogen chloride to produce 2 moles of gallium trichloride and 3 moles of hydrogen gas.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Although nitrogen trifluoride \(\left(\mathrm{NF}_{3}\right)\) is a thermally stable compound, nitrogen triiodide \(\left(\mathrm{NI}_{3}\right)\) is known to be a highly explosive material. \(\mathrm{NI}_{3}\) can be synthesized according to the equation $$ \mathrm{BN}(s)+3 \mathrm{IF}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{BF}_{3}(g)+\mathrm{NI}_{3}(g) $$ a. What is the enthalpy of formation for \(\mathrm{NI}_{3}(s)\) given the enthalpy of reaction \((-307 \mathrm{~kJ})\) and the enthalpies of formation for \(\mathrm{BN}(s)(-254 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}), \mathrm{IF}(g)(-96 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol})\), and \(\mathrm{BF}_{3}(g)(-1136 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol})\) ? b. It is reported that when the synthesis of \(\mathrm{NI}_{3}\) is conducted using 4 moles of IF for every 1 mole of \(\mathrm{BN}\), one of the by-products isolated is \(\left[\mathrm{IF}_{2}\right]^{+}\left[\mathrm{BF}_{4}\right]_{-}^{-} .\) What are the molecular geometries of the species in this by-product? What are the hybridizations of the central atoms in each species in the by-product?

Boron hydrides were once evaluated for possible use as rocket fuels. Complete and balance the following equation for the combustion of diborane. $$ \mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{B}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s) $$

How could you determine experimentally whether the compound \(\mathrm{Ga}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{4}\) contains two gallium(II) ions or one gallium(I) and one gallium(III) ion? (Hint: Consider the electron configurations of the three possible ions.)

How can the paramagnetism of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) be explained using the molecular orbital model?

What is a disproportionation reaction? Use the following reduction potentials \(\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}+3 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 \mathrm{e}^{-} \longrightarrow \mathrm{HClO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \quad \mathscr{E}^{\circ}=1.21 \mathrm{~V}\) \(\mathrm{HClO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 \mathrm{e}^{-} \longrightarrow \mathrm{HClO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \quad \mathscr{E}^{\circ}=1.65 \mathrm{~V}\) to predict whether \(\mathrm{HClO}_{2}\) will disproportionate.
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