Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 22: Problem 135

When heat is added to proteins, the hydrogen bonding in the secondary structure is disrupted. What are the algebraic signs of \(\Delta H\) and \(\Delta S\) for the denaturation process?

Short Answer

Expert verified
For the denaturation process of proteins, the algebraic signs of ΔH and ΔS are both positive. This is because heat energy increases during the process (ΔH > 0) and the protein's disorder also increases (ΔS > 0).

Step by step solution

01

Determine the algebraic sign of ΔH for the denaturation process

Since heat is added to the protein during the denaturation process, the increase in heat energy is a positive value. Therefore, the algebraic sign of ΔH for the denaturation process is positive. ΔH > 0
02

Determine the algebraic sign of ΔS for the denaturation process

As the secondary structure of the protein is disrupted, it becomes more disordered. An increase in disorder means that the entropy change is positive. Therefore, the algebraic sign of ΔS for the denaturation process is positive. ΔS > 0 Now, we have determined the algebraic signs of ΔH and ΔS for the denaturation process: ΔH > 0, indicating that the heat energy increases during the denaturation process; ΔS > 0, indicating that the entropy or disorder increases during the denaturation process.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Name all the alcohols that have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O} .\) How many ethers have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}\) ?

Indicate the chiral carbon atoms found in the monosaccharides D-ribose and D-mannose.

Consider the following reactions. For parts \(\mathrm{b}-\mathrm{d}\), see Exercise 62 . a. When \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12}\) is reacted with \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g)\) in the presence of ultraviolet light, four different monochlorination products form. What is the structure of \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12}\) in this reaction? b. When \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8}\) is reacted with \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\), a tertiary alcohol is produced as the major product. What is the structure of \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8}\) in this reaction? c. When \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{12}\) is reacted with HCl, 1 -chloro-1-methylcyclohexane is produced as the major product. What are the two possible structures for \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{12}\) in this reaction? d. When a hydrocarbon is reacted with \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) and the major product of this reaction is then oxidized, acetone (2-propanone) is produced. What is the structure of the hydrocarbon in this reaction? e. When \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}\) is oxidized, a carboxylic acid is produced. What are the possible structures for \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}\) in this reaction?

What is polystyrene? The following processes result in a stronger polystyrene polymer. Explain why in each case. a. addition of catalyst to form syndiotactic polystyrene b. addition of 1,3 -butadiene and sulfur c. producing long chains of polystyrene d. addition of a catalyst to make linear polystyrene

Mimosine is a natural product found in large quantities in the seeds and foliage of some legume plants and has been shown to cause inhibition of hair growth and hair loss in mice. a. What functional groups are present in mimosine? b. Give the hybridization of the eight carbon atoms in mimosine. c. How many \(\sigma\) and \(\pi\) bonds are found in mimosine?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free