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Chapter 22: Problem 28

Give the structure for each of the following. a. 4 -methyl-1-pentyne b. \(2,3,3\) -trimethyl- 1 -hexene c. 3 -ethyl- 4 -decene

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structures for the given compounds are as follows: a. 4 -methyl-1-pentyne: \[CH_3C-C\equiv C-CH(CH_3)-CH_3\] b. 2,3,3 -trimethyl- 1 -hexene: \[CH_2\equiv CH-CH(CH_3)-CH(CH_3)_2-CH_2-CH_3\] c. 3 -ethyl- 4 -decene: \[CH_3CH_2CH(CH_2CH_3)CH\equiv CHCH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3\]

Step by step solution

01

a. 4 -methyl-1-pentyne

1. Identify the parent chain: For this compound, the parent chain is "pentyne". The "pent" prefix indicates that there are five carbon atoms, while the "yne" suffix indicates that there is a carbon-carbon triple bond. 2. Determine the position of the triple bond: Since the parent chain name has '1-pentyne', the triple bond starts at the carbon-1 (i.e., the first carbon). 3. Add the methyl group: "4-methyl" indicates that there is a methyl group (a single carbon with three hydrogen atoms) attached to the carbon-4 (i.e., the fourth carbon). 4. Combine the components: The structure for 4-methyl-1-pentyne will look like this: \[CH_3C-C\equiv C-CH(CH_3)-CH_3\]
02

b. 2,3,3 -trimethyl- 1 -hexene

1. Identify the parent chain: The parent chain for this compound is "hexene". The "hex" prefix indicates that there are six carbon atoms, while the "ene" suffix indicates that there is a carbon-carbon double bond. 2. Determine the position of the double bond: Since the parent chain name has '1-hexene', the double bond starts at the carbon-1 (i.e., the first carbon). 3. Add the methyl groups: "2,3,3-trimethyl" indicates that there are three methyl groups attached to carbon-2 and carbon-3 (two methyl groups attached to carbon-3). 4. Combine the components: The structure for 2,3,3-trimethyl-1-hexene will look like this: \[CH_2\equiv CH-CH(CH_3)-CH(CH_3)_2-CH_2-CH_3\]
03

c. 3 -ethyl- 4 -decene

1. Identify the parent chain: The parent chain for this compound is "decene". The "dec" prefix indicates that there are ten carbon atoms, while the "ene" suffix indicates that there is a carbon-carbon double bond. 2. Determine the position of the double bond: From the name '4-decene', we can see that the double bond starts at the carbon-4 (i.e., the fourth carbon). 3. Add the ethyl group: "3-ethyl" indicates that there is an ethyl group (two carbons with five hydrogen atoms) attached to the carbon-3 (i.e., the third carbon). 4. Combine the components: The structure for 3-ethyl-4-decene will look like the following: \[CH_3CH_2CH(CH_2CH_3)CH\equiv CHCH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3\]

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