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Chapter 22: Problem 70

Complete the following reactions. a. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}+\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH} \rightarrow\) b. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{HCOOH} \rightarrow\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. \(CH_3CO_2H + CH_3OH \rightarrow CH_3COOCH_3 + H_2O\) b. \(HCOOH + CH_3CH_2CH_2OH \rightarrow HCOOCH_2CH_2CH_3 + H_2O\)

Step by step solution

01

Identify Type of Reaction

In this reaction, we have: \(CH_3CO_2H\) (acetic acid) and \(CH_3OH\) (methanol). These are both organic compounds containing the functional groups carboxylic acid and alcohol, respectively. This reaction is an esterification reaction, where a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester and water. The general pattern for this type of reaction is: \(RCOOH + R'OH \rightarrow RCOOR' + H_2O\)
02

Apply the General Reaction Pattern

Using the esterification reaction pattern and substituting our reactants, we get: \(CH_3COOH + CH_3OH \rightarrow CH_3COOCH_3 + H_2O\)
03

Write the Balanced Chemical Equation

We now write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: \(CH_3CO_2H + CH_3OH \rightarrow CH_3COOCH_3 + H_2O\) a. \(CH_3CO_2H + CH_3OH \rightarrow CH_3COOCH_3 + H_2O\) #b. Reaction#
04

Identify Type of Reaction

In this reaction, we have: \(CH_3CH_2CH_2OH\) (1-propanol) and \(HCOOH\) (formic acid). These are both organic compounds containing the functional groups alcohol and carboxylic acid, respectively. This reaction is also an esterification reaction, where a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester and water: \(RCOOH + R'OH \rightarrow RCOOR' + H_2O\)
05

Apply the General Reaction Pattern

Using the esterification reaction pattern again and substituting our reactants, we get: \(HCOOH + CH_3CH_2CH_2OH \rightarrow HCOOCH_2CH_2CH_3 + H_2O\)
06

Write the Balanced Chemical Equation

We now write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: \(HCOOH + CH_3CH_2CH_2OH \rightarrow HCOOCH_2CH_2CH_3 + H_2O\) b. \(HCOOH + CH_3CH_2CH_2OH \rightarrow HCOOCH_2CH_2CH_3 + H_2O\) In summary, the completed reactions are: a. \(CH_3CO_2H + CH_3OH \rightarrow CH_3COOCH_3 + H_2O\) b. \(HCOOH + CH_3CH_2CH_2OH \rightarrow HCOOCH_2CH_2CH_3 + H_2O\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider a sample of a hydrocarbon at \(0.959 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(298 \mathrm{~K}\). Upon combusting the entire sample in oxygen, you collect a mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor at \(1.51\) atm and \(375 \mathrm{~K}\). This mixture has a density of \(1.391 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\) and occupies a volume four times as large as that of the pure hydrocarbon. Determine the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon and name it.

A chemical "breathalyzer" test works because ethanol in the breath is oxidized by the dichromate ion (orange) to form acetic acid and chromium(III) ion (green). The balanced reaction is \(3 \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(a q)+2 \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}(a q)+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q) \longrightarrow\) \(3 \mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}(a q)+4 \mathrm{Cr}^{3+}(a q)+11 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) You analyze a breathalyzer test in which \(4.2 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}\) was reduced. Assuming the volume of the breath was \(0.500 \mathrm{~L}\) at \(30 .{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(750 . \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}\), what was the mole percent alcohol of the breath?

Cis-trans isomerism is also possible in molecules with rings. Draw the cis and trans isomers of 1,2 -dimethylcyclohexane. In Exercise 41, you drew all of the noncyclic structural and geometric isomers of \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{~F}\). Now draw the cyclic structural and geometric isomers of \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{~F}\).

Cows can digest cellulose, but humans can't. Why not?

In Section \(22.6\), three important classes of biologically important natural polymers are discussed. What are the three classes, what are the monomers used to form the polymers, and why are they biologically important?
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