Write the balanced formula, complete ionic, and net ionic equations for each of the following acid-base reactions. a. \(\mathrm{HClO}_{4}(a q)+\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(s) \rightarrow\) b. \(\mathrm{HCN}(a q)+\mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow\) c. \(\mathrm{HCl}(a q)+\mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Balanced formula equation: \(\mathrm{2HClO}_{4}(a q) + \mathrm{Mg(OH)}_{2}(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Mg(ClO}_{4})_{2}(a q) + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) Complete ionic equation: \(\mathrm{2H^+}(a q) + 2\mathrm{ClO}_{4}^-(a q) + \mathrm{Mg^{2+}}(s) + 2\mathrm{OH^-}(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Mg^{2+}}(a q) + 2\mathrm{ClO}_{4}^-(a q) + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) Net ionic equation: \(\mathrm{2H^+}(a q) + 2\mathrm{OH^-}(s) \rightarrow 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) b. Balanced formula equation: \(\mathrm{HCN}(a q) + \mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCN}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) Complete ionic equation: \(\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{CN^-}(a q) + \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{CN^-}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) Net ionic equation: \(\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) c. Balanced formula equation: \(\mathrm{HCl}(a q) + \mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) Complete ionic equation: \(\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{Cl^-}(a q) + \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{Cl^-}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\) Net ionic equation: \(\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\)

Step by step solution

01

Write the balanced formula equation

For the given reactants \(\mathrm{HClO}_{4}(a q)\) (perchloric acid) and \(\mathrm{Mg(OH)}_{2}(s)\) (magnesium hydroxide), we can write the balanced formula equation as follows: \(\mathrm{2HClO}_{4}(a q) + \mathrm{Mg(OH)}_{2}(s) \rightarrow \)
02

Identify the products and predict their states

After the reaction, we get magnesium perchlorate and water as products: \[\mathrm{2HClO}_{4}(a q) + \mathrm{Mg(OH)}_{2}(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Mg(ClO}_{4})_{2}(a q) + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]
03

Write the complete ionic equation

The complete ionic equation includes the full dissociation state of all soluble compounds in the reaction: \[\mathrm{2H^+}(a q) + 2\mathrm{ClO}_{4}^-(a q) + \mathrm{Mg^{2+}}(s) + 2\mathrm{OH^-}(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Mg^{2+}}(a q) + 2\mathrm{ClO}_{4}^-(a q) + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]
04

Write the net ionic equation

To obtain the net ionic equation, cancel out the spectator ions (these are the ions that appear on both sides of the equation): \[\mathrm{2H^+}(a q) + 2\mathrm{OH^-}(s) \rightarrow 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\] ### Reaction b: \(\mathrm{HCN}(a q)+\mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow\) ###
05

Write the balanced formula equation

For the given reactants \(\mathrm{HCN}(a q)\) (hydrocyanic acid) and \(\mathrm{NaOH}(a q)\) (sodium hydroxide), we can write the balanced formula equation as follows: \(\mathrm{HCN}(a q) + \mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow \)
06

Identify the products and predict their states

After the reaction, we get sodium cyanide and water as products: \[\mathrm{HCN}(a q) + \mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCN}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]
07

Write the complete ionic equation

The complete ionic equation includes the full dissociation state of all soluble compounds in the reaction: \[\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{CN^-}(a q) + \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{CN^-}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]
08

Write the net ionic equation

To obtain the net ionic equation, cancel out the spectator ions: \[\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\] ### Reaction c: \(\mathrm{HCl}(a q)+\mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow\) ###
09

Write the balanced formula equation

For the given reactants \(\mathrm{HCl}(a q)\) (hydrochloric acid) and \(\mathrm{NaOH}(a q)\) (sodium hydroxide), we can write the balanced formula equation as follows: \(\mathrm{HCl}(a q) + \mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow \)
10

Identify the products and predict their states

After the reaction, we get sodium chloride and water as products: \[\mathrm{HCl}(a q) + \mathrm{NaOH}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]
11

Write the complete ionic equation

The complete ionic equation includes the full dissociation state of all soluble compounds in the reaction: \[\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{Cl^-}(a q) + \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Na^+}(a q) + \mathrm{Cl^-}(a q) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]
12

Write the net ionic equation

To obtain the net ionic equation, cancel out the spectator ions: \[\mathrm{H^+}(a q) + \mathrm{OH^-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)\]

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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